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Chapter 8, Section 4 American Literature and Arts p

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1 Chapter 8, Section 4 American Literature and Arts p. 305-309
In the early 1800s, American artists, writers, and musicians begin to develop a distinct style.

2 An American Culture Develops
Main Idea: In the 1800s, American writers explore uniquely American themes and develop new ideas about people and nature. Novels & Books written with American themes (& optimism) - Stop copying European styles Washington Irving The Legend of Sleepy Hollow Rip Van Winkle James Fenimore Cooper The Last of the Mohicans “Natty Bumpo” (a frontiersman) transcendentalism: (American form of Romanticism) movement that seeks to explore the relationships between human beings & nature through emotion, rather than reason Departure from the Enlightenment Rip Van Winkle slept through the Revolution

3 The Transcendentalists
Humans & Nature The Transcendentalists Ralph Waldo Emerson Questions value of material goods (God made nature) Stresses individualism – the unique importance of the individual Henry David Thoreau Urges people to live simple lives, close to nature (1st Environmentalist) Encourages civil disobedience - the idea that people should peacefully disobey unjust laws, if their consciences demand it

4 Flowering of American Literature
Main Idea: American fiction & poetry reach new heights in the 1840s and 1850s. It also emphasizes psychology and extreme emotions. Herman Melville writes Moby Dick Exploring one man’s obsession that destroys his ship, his crew, and his life Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlett Letter Explores the dark side of the human mind Louisa May Alcott writes Little Women Explores the relationship between siblings Writes about ordinary Americans Poets of Democracy create a national voice “Paul Revere’s Ride” &“The Song of Hiawatha” by Henry Wadsworth Longfellow “The Song of Hiawatha”: 1st poem to honor Native Americans Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman 1855 Celebrates the Common Man

5 Art and Music Hudson River School reflects the values of Romanticism
Main Idea: American painters & songwriters use their skills to explore American life. The Voyage of Life Youth -by Thomas Cole 1842 Hudson River School reflects the values of Romanticism stir emotions by reproducing beauty & the power of nature American songs influenced by English, Irish, & Scottish tunes “Camptown Races” & “Old Folks at Home” by Stephen Foster Slaves sing spirituals to provide hope

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