1. European Geography Chapter I – NOT IN TEXT BOOK

2. While the earth is over ________________ years old
While the earth is over ________________ years old.... Humans have occupied it less than a _____________________ of that time
_____________ and __________________ have moved around- changing shape, size, and location....
Less than a __________________ years ago, dinosaurs could walk from North America to Europe on dry land in a warm climate

3. Less than a few thousand years have passed since the end of the most recent _________, creating the _______________ of today...
Man probably ___________ in _________ and spread from there to every continent except ______________________
Human groups became isolated by _______________ (oceans, deserts, or mountains) and differentiated into the ___________________

4. Europe is _______________% of the earth's land mass- just a little larger than ______________________
Europe can be considered a _______________________ a cultural conception of differences from Asia and Africa

5. Europe is separated from ___________ by the ______________________________,
but even more by the ________________, which dried up only a few ___________________________ago.
_______________________ was influenced by the ________________ & has a much different culture & landscape in comparison to locations below the ___________________.

6. The _________________________ is less clear- the low and wide _________________ Mountains.
So, while Europe is physically a peninsula of Asia (Eurasia) like Arabia and India, it is very different.
A major reason for the uniqueness of Europe is the _______________________...

7. The Med. Sea is nearly closed in at the ______________________ -only ___ miles across, it is shielded from the open ocean.
It has very little tide action and few violent ocean storms.
The Med. Sea is over _________________ long but, is subdivided by islands and peninsulas into lesser seas with identities of their own- _________________________

8. The Med. Sea made it possible to travel ___________________ without being far from _______________- and aided the development of navigation from early times
It is easy to cross from Europe to Africa at the Strait of Gibraltar and from ______________ at the ________________ in ___________, so populations mixed through early migrations.
_________ miles long
_________ miles wide

9. Mountains
In southern Europe and along its entire length- is a series of mountains
The ___________ shut off _________ from the north
The _____________ isolate ___________
The ________________ separate the Balkan Peninsula near __________ & __________
Due to the ___________________, France is the only country that is both ____________ and ________________ in its culture

10. Rivers Until recently, rivers have provided ________________ and give access to the ___________________ * Most of the important older cities of Europe are on rivers… FOR WHAT REASONS WOULD MAJOR CITIES DEVELOP ON RIVERS?

11. Important Cities & Rivers
____________ on the Seine
____________ on the Vistula
London on the __________________
______________ on the Rhone
Rome on the _________________
_____________ on the Vitava
__________________ on the Dnieper
Berlin on the ___________________
Vienna, Bratislava, Budapest on the ______________

12. Climates
Climate depends on factors such as __________, ocean ___________ and _________ that bring rainfall
Europe is as far north as _______________ and ____________________
Rome and Madrid are same latitude as New York; Stockholm and St. Petersburg are the same as the center of the Hudson Bay
Because of _________________, parts of Europe near the sea have less _____________________, but the ______________ are cold enough to keep out certain ________________________

13. Europe is the only continent (with civilizations) without a _____________ & has _____________ which make ____________ easier than other places
Since the end of the last ___________, Europe has been one of the most favored places on the globe for _____________________.
Climate changes...
______________ in _____________ and Tunisia's interiors remind us that their climates were once ________________

14. Distance: Its effects vary according to the means of transportation...
For most of human history neither persons, _____________, nor commands could _______________ much more than _____________________
took _____ weeks to travel from London to ____________
_______ weeks to __________________ letters.
Most of history, Europe was made up of ____________ of territory with own _____________, way of life, and manner of ___________________.
A “________________" might come from a ____________ miles away or only ________________