1. Periodic Table Of
Elements

2. Purpose
Understand the organization of the periodic table.
Identify properties of metals and non-metals
KEY WORDS
Periodic Table Alkali Metals
Family Alkaline Earth Metals
Group Metalloids
Period Chalcogens
Metals Halogens
Non-Metals Noble Gases

4. M e t a l s Non- Metals Periodic Table contains metals and non-metals.
A staircase separates metals from non-metals.
Non- Metals
M e t a l s

5. Rows of the periodic table are called periods.
Elements in periods do not have similar properties.
From left to right:
Elements go from metals to non-metals to gases.
period

6. A column is called a group.
Elements in a group have similar chemical properties.
A family is a group with a specific name.
Alkali Metals
Alkaline Earth Metals
Chalcogens
Halogens
Inert (Noble) Gases
group

7. METALS METALS: Found on the left side of the staircase.
Have less than 3 valence electrons.
Conduct heat and electricity, shiny, solid at room temperature, high melting temperatures.
METALS

8. Alkali Metal Family:
Group 1A (IA) Group 1.
Each element has 1 valence electron.
Soft, highly reactive metals. In nature, they are always combined with other elements.

9. Alkaline Earth Metals:
Group 2A (IIA) Group 2.
Each element has 2 valence electrons.
Less reactive than Alkali family.

10. Transition Metals:
Metals found in the short columns.
Metalloids:
Behave like metals and non-metals.
Elements on the staircase.

11. Found on right of the staircase. Have 5 or more valence electrons.
NON-METALS:
Found on right of the staircase.
Have 5 or more valence electrons.
Low melting temperatures, usually gases or fragile solids at room temperature, poor conductors.
Non- metals

12. Chalcogens:
Group 6A (VIA) Group 16.
Each element has 6 valence electrons.
Less reactive than the halogen family.

13. Halogens:
Group 7A (VII) Group 17.
Each element has 7 valence electrons.
Poisonous and highly reactive non-metals, usually found combined with another element.

14. Noble (Inert) Gases:
Group 8A (VIII) Group 18.
Each element has 8 valence electrons.
Elements are very stable non-metals: unreactive. No natural compounds exist with these elements.

15. Hydrogen*:
Considered a non-metal gas.
Contains only 1 electron.
Highly reactive.
All hydrogen on Earth is combined with other materials or with itself.

16. Summary:
Metals on the left – non-metals on the right.
Group number indicates the number of valence electrons.
Noble gases are unreactive with 8 valence electrons.
Elements in a group have similar chemical properties.