2. The Internet is often referred to as the Information Superhighway because it connects millions of people across the globe.
Unlike a typical highway, the Internet moves ideas, data, and information through networks.
The Web provides an easy-to-use, intuitive multimedia interface to connect to the Internet.
Competent end users need to be aware of the resources available on the Internet and the Web.

3. The Internet was launched in 1969
The Internet is the largest global network, connecting smaller networks worldwide
The Internet was launched in 1969
US funded project called ARPANET
National computer network
The World Wide Web or WWW was introduced in 1991 at CERN in Switzerland
Prior to the web, the internet was all text
Provides a multimedia interface
Web1.0, Web2.0 and Web3.0
Most developed network system currently in use; connects people all over the world
Originally started in 1969 when US funded a research project (ARPANET—Advanced Research Project Agency Network)
CERN – Center for European Nuclear Research
World Wide Web (Web) is a part of the Internet – not the Internet; introduced in by consortium in Switzerland
Originally started as research and text-based network to exchange research ideas from university to university
Developed into a network of networks
One of the most powerful tools of the 21st century
How would your life be different if the Internet did not exist?
Internet & Web further clarified
Internet is the actual physical network comprised of wires, cables (Key Term), & satellites
Being connected to the network is often referred to as being online (Key Term)
The Web is a multimedia interface to resources available on the internet

4. Education or e-learning Entertainment
Communicating
Discussions
Online Shopping
Searching
Virtual libraries
Education or e-learning
Entertainment
Most common Internet applications
Communicating - sending and discussion group participation
Shopping – fastest-growing applications
Searching - using virtual libraries
Education or e-learning (Key Term)
Entertainment – music downloads; integration of TV and PC

5. Common way to access the Internet is through a Commercial Internet Service Provider (ISP)
Provide a connection for individuals to access the Internet
Use telephone lines, cable, and/or wireless connections
The common way to access the Internet is through a provider or host computer
Internet Service Providers (ISPs) - already connected to the Internet -- furnish a pathway for other users
Typical providers include:
Colleges and universities – usually “free”
Ask students to identify various ISPs used in their environment
Popular Commercial Internet Service Providers
Verizon and Comcast

6. Programs that provide access to Web resources
Allow you to surf the Internet
Popular Web browsers include:
Mozilla Firefox
Apple Safari
Microsoft Internet Explorer
Google Chrome
Address or location of the resource must be specified
URL
Browsers allow you to search or surf (Key Term) the Web
Navigate, search for information and communicate using the Web
Use URL (uniform resource locator) (Key Term) to connect to other resources

7. Uniform Resource Locator
Has at least two parts
Protocol
Domain name
Top-level domain (TLD)
Identifies the type of organization
Two parts to URL:
protocol (Key Term), rules for exchanging data between computers (usually
domain name (Key Term) – specific address where the resource is located
Many URLs have additional parts specifying directory paths and file names.

8. Browsers interpret HTML commands
Hypertext Markup Language
Contained in a document
Display document as a Web page
Hyperlinks
Connect to other web pages
Browser is software that allows users to navigate the Web and read the multimedia formatted pages
Connect to Web sites using URL addresses (uniform resource locator)
Document is sent to computer usually coded in HTML (Hypertext Markup Language) (Key Term) or some variation
Interprets the HTML codes displaying page
May contain
Hyperlinks (Key Term) -- allow users to quickly connect to other pages or Web sites
Graphics
Text
Multimedia elements
Web server– the computer that stores and shares graphics, text, audio & video clip files
Web pages contain links (Key Term) to programs called applets (Key Term)
These are special programs written in a programming language called Java (Key Term)
These programs can be quickly downloaded and run by most browsers

9. Cascading style sheets: separate files
Interactive Features on Web Pages may be triggered by special programming instructions written in these languages
Cascading style sheets: separate files
referenced by lines inserted into an HTML file
Javascript: is a language used within HTML
document to trigger interactive feature
AJAX: an advanced use of Javascript, to create interactive websites that responds quickly
Applets: programs that can be downloaded and run by browsers. Used to display graphics and interactive games
Java – Object Oriented programming language, applets written in Java
Javascript – also an Object Oriented programming language / scripting language, smaller and simpler set of commands, embedded in HTML
AJAX – (Asynchronous Java Script and XML) javascipt that can communicate with a server

10. Most popular Internet activity Electronic Mail (E-Mail) Messaging
Social Networking
Blogs
Communication is the most popular internet activity
The types of communications are:
, instant messaging and social networking.

11. Internet uses the domain name system (DNS), which gives names and numbers to people and computers
Address (Key Term) has two parts
User name - identifies unique user or computer in the domain
Domain name (Key Term) - references a specific organization
Top-level domain code identification includes geographical location or organizational identification
.com = commercial
.edu = education and research
.org = organizations (usually non-profit)
.net = major network centers (usually easier to access than commercial)
.gov = government

12. Junk and/or unwanted e-mail
Computer viruses or destructive programs are often attached to unwanted
CAN-SPAM law: optional receiving of marketing mails
Spam blockers / spam filters use a variety of approaches to identify and control spam
Spam (Key Term) – unsolicited
Distraction, Nuisance
Computer viruses (Key Term) can also be attached to spam
Spam blockers (Key Term) use a variety of different approaches to identify and eliminate spam
CAN-SPAM Act requires that every marketing related provide an opt-out option
Tips to blocking spam:
Choose a complex address
Keep a low profile
Don’t ever respond to spam
Use filter options
Use spam blockers

13. Web logs or blogs Microblogs personal news websites date/time-stamped
Publishes short sentences
Keeping friends up to date on your interests and activities
Twitter
Web logs or blogs
personal news websites
date/time-stamped
arranged with the most recent items shown first
Readers are allowed to comment
Popular blogs include Blogger and WordPress
Twitter is the most popular microblog

14. Webcast – streaming technology for live broadcast of audio and video, like youtube
Podcast-audio and video files that can be downloaded to your computer or media player
Wiki – a specially designed Web site that allows visitors to edit the contents, supports collaborative writing
YouTube webcasts live movie premiers and sporting events.
Podcasts available on iTunes
Wikipedia is an example of using a wiki as an online encyclopedia

15. Specialized Search Engines Content Evaluation
Specialized programs that assist you in locating information on the Web and the Internet
Search services (Key Term) help you locate information; they maintain the database that helps you get where you want
Special programs called spiders (Key Term) continually look for information and updated services
Search engines (Key Term) – assist you to locate information
Use keyword search (Key Term); know “rules” i.e. use + or quotes to look for phrases rather than individual words
Use directory search (Key Term) – list of categories or topics; also known as index search (Key Term)
Metasearch engines (Key Term) – programs that automatically submit your search request to several search engines simultaneously
Specialized search engines (Key Term) - Programs that focus on subject specific Web sites

16. Also known as e-commerce Buying and selling of goods over the Internet
Fast-growing and widely used
Business-to-consumer (B2C)
Consumer-to consumer (C2C)
Business-to-business (B2B)
Electronic commerce is buying and selling over the Internet
Three basic types of electronic commerce: business to consumer; consumer to consumer; and business to business
B2C (Key Term)
Involves the sale of a product or service to the general public or end users
C2C (Key Term)
Involves individuals selling to individuals
B2B (Key Term)
Involves the sale of a product or service from one business to another

17. Payment methods must be fast, reliable, and secure
Should provide a convenient ways to submit information
Two options
Credit card
Digital cash: Buyers purchase digital
cash from third party. Paypal.com
A challenge is the payment for goods
Should be reliable, secure, and fast
Electronic payment -- easy, secure payment method
Checks -- slowest and least convenient
Credit cards -- easier to work with, somewhat vulnerable to theft
Criminals known as carders (Key Term) specialize in stealing, trading, and using stolen credit cards over the internet
Digital cash (Key Term)
Purchased from third party (usually a special bank); more secure than credit cards
Providers include Ecash, Google, Internet Cash, and PayPal

18. Three basic components:
Shifts computing activities from users’ desktops to computers on the Internet
Frees end-users from owning, maintaining, and storing software programs and data
Three basic components:
Clients (corporations andend-users)
Service providers:
Provide access to software
and data
The Internet: connection
between client and provider
Basic components include:
Clients: corporations and end-users who want access to data, programs, and storage anywhere and anytime a connection to the Internet is available
Service providers: organizations that are willing to provide (sometimes for a fee) access to software and storage
Internet connectivity
Two critical factors that determine the efficiency of cloud computing
The speed and reliability of the user’s access to the Internet
Internet’s capability to provide safe and reliable transmission of data and programs

19. Specialized utility programs that make using the Internet & Web safer and easier
Plug-Ins
Filters
File Transfer Utilities
Internet Security Suites