1. Normalization of urinary biomarkers to creatinine during changes in glomerular filtration rate 
Sushrut S. Waikar, Venkata S. Sabbisetti, Joseph V. Bonventre 
Kidney International 
Volume 78, Issue 5, Pages (September 2010)
DOI: /ki
Copyright © 2010 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

2. Figure 1
Change in serum creatinine concentration (gray) and urine creatinine-normalized biomarker concentration (black) after severe acute kidney injury (acute decrease in creatinine clearance at time 0 from 100 to 10ml/min). The urinary biomarker production and excretion rates are assumed not to change; the effect on the normalized biomarker level is due to changes in urinary creatinine excretion rate.
Kidney International  , DOI: ( /ki )
Copyright © 2010 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

3. Figure 2
Change in serum creatinine concentration (gray) and urine creatinine-normalized biomarker concentration (black) after mild acute kidney injury (acute decrease in creatinine clearance at time 0 from 100 to 40ml/min). The urinary biomarker production and excretion rates are assumed not to change; the effect on the normalized biomarker level is due to changes in urinary creatinine excretion rate.
Kidney International  , DOI: ( /ki )
Copyright © 2010 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

4. Figure 3
Change in serum creatinine concentration (gray) and urine creatinine-normalized biomarker concentration (black) after severe acute kidney injury (acute decrease in creatinine clearance at time 0 from 100 to 10ml/min, followed 5 days later by a linear increase to 100ml/min over 24h (diagonal arrow)). The urinary biomarker production and excretion rates are assumed not to change; the effect on the normalized biomarker level is due to changes in urinary creatinine excretion rate.
Kidney International  , DOI: ( /ki )
Copyright © 2010 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

5. Figure 4
Changes in the urine creatinine-normalized biomarker concentration after prompt graft function and delayed graft function. The urinary biomarker production and excretion rates are assumed not to change; the effect on the normalized biomarker level is due to changes in urinary creatinine excretion rate.
Kidney International  , DOI: ( /ki )
Copyright © 2010 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions

6. Figure 5
Graphical comparison of extrapolated 24h urinary KIM-1 excretion rate (y axis) versus normalized urinary KIM-1/creatinine ratio. The solid diagonal line represents the line of identity. Three outlier measurements from subject #31 are excluded (see Table 3). KIM-1, kidney injury molecule-1.
Kidney International  , DOI: ( /ki )
Copyright © 2010 International Society of Nephrology Terms and Conditions