1. Human Reproductive System

2. Male Reproductive System

3. Male Reproductive System
External Structures
Penis: external male sex organ
Scrotum: sac of skin and muscle containing testicles
Circumcised

4. Male Reproductive System
Internal Structures
Prostate: exocrine gland of male reproductive system
Vas Deferens: tubes connecting epididymis to ejaculatory ducts
Epididymis: organ where sperm matures
Testicles/Testes: organ where sperm is created
Urethra: tube that connects bladder to outside of body

5. Female Reproductive System

6. Female Reproductive System
External Structures
Labia: lip-like structures on the outside of the vagina
Clitoris: sex organ whose sole function is pleasure

7. Female Reproductive System
Internal Structures
Vagina: tract from uterus to exterior
Hymen: mucous membrane around vaginal opening
Cervix: lower, narrow portion of uterus
Uterus: pear-shaped organ containing growing fetus
Fallopian Tubes: pathway for egg travel during ovulation
Fimbriae: Fringes located at ends of fallopian tubes
Ovaries: egg-producing organs

8. Sperm Formation MEIOSIS forms sperm in gametes Sperm forms in testes
Scrotum keeps cooler than rest
Semen is sperm plus protecting fluid
Semen leaves testes through the vas deferens (sperm ducts) to the urethra before it exits.

9. Ovum Formation & Fertilization
MEIOSIS forms the eggs (ova)
ALL Eggs are formed before birth
1 egg per month is matured and released from ovaries, (most of the time)
Eggs travel through the fallopian tube where they may become fertilized, which if fertilized is a zygote.

10. Implantation Fertilized eggs are implanted into thick walls of uterus
Chorion membranes dig into uterus to form placenta
Zygote grows into an embryo
Embryo gets air and nutrients through the umbilical cord
Once pregnant, progesterone levels stay high in mom
Mom’s uterus grows with the baby

11. Hormones involved in Reproduction
LH- Luteinizing Hormone
FSH- Follicle Stimulating Hormone
Estrogen
Progesterone
Testosterone

12. Review- the Hypothalamus stimulates the pituitary gland:
It then releases
Luteinizing hormone (LH)
Follicle Stimulating Hormone (FSH)
Both hormones then act on
the OVARIES in females
the TESTIS in males

15. Estrogen Secondary Sexual Characteristics – Female
Pubic hair
Widen pelvis
Enlarge mammary tissue (breasts)
Begin menstrual cycles
Responsible for Ovulation.

16. Progesterone
Progesterone builds up the lining of the uterus called the endometrial in preparation for the fertilized ovum
Prepares body for pregnancy and maintains pregnancy

17. Luteinizing Hormone Released by the anterior pituitary
Triggers ovulation & development of the corpus luteum
Acts with FSH

18. Follicle Stimulating Hormone
FSH regulates the development, growth, pubertal maturation, and reproductive processes of the body
Works with LH to help with Ovulation zw

19. Testosterone Secondary Sexual Characteristics - Male Deeper voice
Chest and facial hair
Lengthen bones
Increased size of testes for sperm production

21. Birth Control Mechanism
Synthetic estrogens and/or progestins are used to inhibit the hormone released by the pituitary. That then prevents the mid-cycle surge of LH and ovulation, making the body think its pregnant, so no egg released.
The progestins also helps to prevent the sperm from reaching the egg and changes the lining of the uterus.