1. French and Indian War

2. Modern day Pittsburg, Pennsylvania
Here, the Monongahela and Allegheny Rivers meet to form the Ohio River – Gateway to the Ohio River Valley

3. And now a word from John Green…
Crash Course in History with John Green

4. Causes of the French and Indian War
As colonial population is increasing, the English colonists begin moving west into the Ohio River Valley.
At the same time, the French were moving east into the Great Lakes region, near the Ohio River Valley.
This resulted in territorial disputes between the French and English settlers
There was also an increase in the number of Native American attacks on the English Colonists.

5. The Spark
As tensions grew between the French and English settlers, a small group of soldiers from Virginia, lead by 21 year old Major George Washington, were sent to carry a letter to French commanders in Virginia claimed territory. A skirmish broke out between the French and Virginians, resulting in the death of the French commander.

6. Who Fights in the French and Indian War?
13 Colonies
French Settlement
13 British Colonies
English troops from Great Britain
Native American allies, including:
Iroquois Confederacy
French Settlers
French troops from France
Native American allies, including:
Wabanaki Confederacy
Algonquin
Ottawa
Shawnee
Mohawk
Huron

7. Colonial Response: The Albany Congress
June 19-July 11, 1754
Representatives from 7 colonies meet to discuss better relationships with the Native Americans and defense against the French
1st time the colonists come together to discuss/solve an issue
Published by Ben Franklin in the Pennsylvania Gazette. Encouraged unity among the colonies in the French and Indian War.

8. A New Type of Warfare
The French and Indian War introduced a new style of warfare: Guerilla Warfare
Hit and run fighting where small groups of soldiers use techniques such as ambushes
Introduced by the Native Americans
Very different from European style fighting
English soldiers struggled to adapt to this new style, resulting in early French victories

9. British Victory over the French!
After a long war, the Treaty of Paris of declared the English winners!
Many called the French and Indian War (part of the 7 Year’s War) the first world war because there was not only fighting in North America, but also in Europe, Africa, and India.

10. British victory led to massive territorial gains and the French were wiped out of North America

11. British Victory: But Problems Remain?
Because of their territorial gains, England was left with a massive amount of land to protect.
France’s Native American allies were not very happy the French were kicked out.
Over 10,000 English soldiers remained in the colonies.
A massive war debt

12. British Victory: Solutions to the Problems
Proclamation of 1763: Colonists cannot move west of the Appalachian Mountains
Passed because of an increased amount of Native American attacks along the frontier in the Ohio River Valley
To pay off the war debt, Parliament is going to enact taxes on the American colonists…