1. Imperialism in Africa
11.1, 11.2

2. Africa before... -1000s of languages
-100s of ethnic groups
-1000s of languages
-most follow traditional beliefs, some converted to Islam or Christianity
-European slave trade was limited to coastal regions on the west

3. Exploration Problem Solution Unnavigable rivers Steam engine diseases
quinine
African Armies
Maxim gun

4. Imperialism
The seizure of a country or territory by a stronger country

5. Africa
Europeans and Americans were fascinated by stories of adventure about Africa.
Many learned from traveling humanitarians, missionaries, and explorers

6. The Congo Sparks Interest
Dr. Livingstone was a Scottish missionary traveling deep into Africa. When no one heard from him for a longtime, he was assumed dead.
Henry Stanley was hired to go find him
In 1871, Stanley found Livingstone on Lake Tanganyika
“Dr. Livingstone I Presume?”

8. Belgian Congo Henry Stanley continued to map out and explore the Congo
His explorations sparked the interest of King Leopold II of Belgium
The King paid Stanley to obtain land for him in the Congo
Stanley signed treaties with the local chiefs

9. Belgian Congo Leopold licensed companies that exploited Africans
10 million Congolese died during Leopold’s rule
Eventually the gov. Took control away from Leopold
However, it brought the interest of other European Countries

10. Reasons for Imperialism
National Pride -racist attitudes
Missionaries -raw materials
Natural resources new markets
exploration

11. Berlin Conference
To prevent Conflict, 14 European Nations met at the Berlin Conference in 1884 to lay down rules for the division of Africa
Any European Country could claim land by notifying the other nations and showing it could control the area
No African representatives were invited
Africa was divided, without regard to ethnic groups
Liberia and Ethiopia remained independent

12. Raw Materials Copper, tin, gold, diamonds,
Cash Crop Plantations: peanuts, palm oil, cocoa, rubber
Crops grown for money,not food
As a result, many died in a famine

13. Boer War: South Africa Zulu tribe controlled lands for many years
Dutch (Boers) were the first to settle in South Africa (trade route)

14. Boer War
The British and the Zulus fought for control. The British won and pushed the Boers north (became known as the “Great Trek” where they struggled with the Zulus
Diamonds and Gold were discovered in South Africa
The British and the Dutch (Boers) fought in a war for the region
British won and created the “Union of South Africa”