1. Research – 2
Julie Richards

2. Introduction Methods Results Discussion Referencing
How research is set out
Introduction
Methods
Results
Discussion
Referencing

3. What is referencing?
When you write an assignment, you are required to refer to the work of other authors. Each time you do so, it is necessary to identify their work by making reference to it – both in the text of your assignment and in a list at the end of your assignment. This practice of acknowledging authors is known as referencing.
References MUST be used whenever you use someone else’s opinions, theories and data.

4. Why should you reference?
References enhance your writing and assist your reader by:-
Showing the breadth of your research.
Strengthening your academic argument.
Showing the reader the sources of your information.
Allowing the reader to consult your sources independently.
Allowing the reader to verify your data.

5. Robert Harris (2001) developed the following diagrams (this should help you with knowing when to reference)
Did you think of it?
YES No
Is it common knowledge
YES No
Do not reference it
Reference it

6. Another example to help you reference :-
YES
Another persons words? No
Quote and reference it
Another persons ideas
YES
It needs to be referenced No
Do not reference it

7. Features of referencing a book
Surname & initials of author(s)
Year of publication – put in brackets
Title of book (in italics)
The edition e.g. 4th edn
Publishers name
Place of publication
Jones, A. P. and Smith, A. (1997) A Guide to Research. Wakefield Press: Kent

8. Features of referencing a journal article
Surname & initials of author(s)
Year of publication - put in brackets
Title of article in single quotation marks
Title of journal in italics
Issue number or other identifier e.g. Winter
Page number
Stove, A.H and Palmer, S. (1993) In search of the typical eyewitness. American Psychologist, 48. p
ACTIVITY