1. Forensic Science and Physical Evidence

2. The body of a dead pig was used to solve a murder
Forensic Science
The application of __________ to __________
Was first used in third century China to solve a murder
science
law
The application of science to law.
The body of a dead pig was used to solve a murder

3. Locard’s Exchange Principle
When________ or more objects make _________, material is ___________.
two
contact
exchanged
States when two or more objects make contact, material is exchanged.

4. Locard’s Exchange Principle

5. Anthropometry A series of ___________ used to __________ measurements
Developed by __________
measurements
Identify people
Alphonse Bertillion
Measurements used to identify people. Developed by Alphonse Bertillion.
Bertillion Measurements

6. Crime Scene Evidence
Anything that can establish that __________ _________
a crime has been committed
Evidence

7. Types of Evidence Physical Evidence Evidence you can ____________ E.x.
Trace Evidence
Small or _________ pieces of evidence
see
microscopic
DNA as Evidence

8. Bite Marks
Human Bite Marks
Canine Bite Marks
Human Bite Marks

9. Tire Tracks and Shoe Prints

10. Skeletal Remains

11. What type(s) of evidence is shown below?

12. Characteristics of Evidence
Individual Characteristics
A __________ source
E.x.
Class Characteristics
Associated with a _________ source
single
group
Rifling Marks

13. Class or Individual Characteristics?

14. Bertillion Measurements Lab
Procedure
Measurements used to identify people. Developed by Alphonse Bertillion.
Alphonse Bertillion

16. Is anthropometry an accurate method of identification?
In1903, a man named Will West was committed to the penitentiary at Leavenworth, Kansas, where he was photographed and measured using the Bertillon system. Will West’s measurements were found to be almost identical to a criminal at the same penitentiary named William West, who was committed for murder in 1901 and was serving a life sentence. Photos showed that the two men bore a close physical resemblance to one another, although it was not clear that they were even related. In the confusion surrounding the true identities of the two men, their fingerprints conclusively identified them and demonstrated clearly that the adoption of a fingerprint identification system was more reliable than the older Bertillon system.

17. Mug shot identify Are used to help people __________ a suspect
What information can you obtain from a mug shot?
identify
Are used to help people identify a suspect.
Charles Barkley

18. Describe these individuals
Jeremy Meeks
Amanda Bynes

19. Describe these individuals
Ozzy Osborn
Mug Shot Circa 1960

20. Describe these individuals
Lindsey Lohan
Shia Labeouf
Cleveland PD Mug Shot

21. Table Talk
Is anthropometry a useful way to identify people? Why or why not?
Suggest a better method of identification.

22. Recording the Crime Scene
Rope off scene
Place evidence markers
Photograph scene
Sketch scene
Notate scene
Collect and bag evidence
Sealed Crime Scene

23. Crime Scene Reconstruction
Supports a likely _______ of ________
sequence
events
Digital Reconstruction

24. Reconstruction of the scene

25. Sketching the scene Include: All _______ _________ evidence
Distance of _______ from ______ point
Legend/key
evidence
involved
objects
fixed
Crime Scene Sketch

27. Searching For Evidence
Dependent on
____________
_____________
Ex:
Size of area
Actions of victim and suspect
Homicide will center on the weapon
Burglary will center on point of entry and tools used to gain entry
Search Methods

29. Collecting and Packing Evidence
Mostly use ______________ _____________
Moist items are placed in _____________
envelopes, plastic
bags/containers
paper bags
Your goal is to prevent any change in Evidence to protect the value of the evidence.
Evidence Packaging

30. Moved Evidence (Before Pics)
Reduces the __________
______ what was moved
Do not put it back!!
value
Note
No!!!

31. Chain of Custody
List of _______ who came into __________ with the evidence
Establishes ___________
people
contact
Integrity/credibility
Chain of custody

32. Forensic Photography Photograph physical evidence to show ____________
Take __________
Photograph under _________ after ___________
position and location
individual close ups
Quarter used for scale
bodies
removal

33. Use of evidence markers
Forensic Photography
Use a ______ when necessary
Use ________ markers
scale
evidence
Use of evidence markers

34. Table Talk
You are a member of the Baldwin Park PD and are given the task of training new officers. A dead body was found at the McDonald’s near our school. How would you search for evidence? What evidence would you collect from the crime scene? How would you handle/package the evidence?

35. Evidence Clips https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7CWxWWcw6oE

36. Is this the Frye Standard?
Evidence,___________, and equipment presented at trial must be generally accepted by the ____________ ___________
procedures
scientific
community
Is this the Frye Standard?

38. Trial Evidence people Direct Evidence
Witness’ _______ ________ or observation
Circumstantial Evidence
Implies but does not _______
people
knowledge
Direct Evidence
prove
Circumstantial Evidence

39. What is eyewitness Testimony?
A _________ who witnesses a crime and can __________
Is it classified as evidence?
Yes
person
provide details

40. Photo and Physical Lineup Requirements
Participants must be:
Same sex
Same ethnicity
Physically similar
Physical Line up

42. Photo Lineups Photos are placed in front of the __________ victim
May or may not include the _________
victim
suspect
Witness Identification

43. Physical Lineup people Participants are asked to ________ and ________
speak
Physical line up example

44. Is this lineup done correctly?

45. Is this Photo lineup done correctly?

46. Is this Photo lineup done correctly?

47. Is this lineup done correctly?

48. Ronald Cotton

49. Do these men look familiar?

50. Ronald Cotton Analysis
Provide a BRIEF summary of the Ronald Cotton case. Your summary should be 1-2 paragrahs long.
Was Ronald Cotton adequately compensated for the time he spent in jail? Why or why not?
What would you consider adequate compensation for the time Ronald spent in jail?
Should eyewitness testimony be admissible as evidence in a trial? Why or why not?
Based on what you have learned, how accurate is eyewitness testimony? Suggest an alternative type of evidence and explain how it could be used.

51. Statistics
Since the 1900’s 175 out of 239 (73%) convictions were overturned using DNA testing. The convictions were based on eyewitness testimony.
Research shows the memory is like putting the piece of a puzzle together not retrieving a video recording.
False memory study yielded that one third of the subjects fully or partially remembered the false story.

52. Duchess What is the problem?
What is already known about Duchess’ behavior/personality?
What could have happened to Duchess?
What evidence supports your theory?
What will you do in order to find her?

53. The Green River Killer 1. What was his real name?
2.How many people did he kill?
3.Where did he commit his murders?
4.What did he do for a living?
5. What type of evidence would you find?