1. Fresh and Saltwater Systems
How water changes our landscapes

2. The Water Cycle Smart Notebook Activity Complete Sheet
Water Cycle Dance!!

3. How Rivers Work https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dyXE_Eoq40A&t=262s
Answer the questions in your notes to follow along.

4. Rivers

5. V and U shaped Valleys
_Vertical Erosion__ is the process when water erodes downwards, creating V shape valleys. Downstream, Lateral Erosion takes place, where it erodes materials sideways. This happens in U Shaped valleys.

6. Things to Know about Rivers
3 factors that affect stream processes
Volume of Water
Velocity (Speed) of Water
Type of Material
How are deserts affected by Flash Floods?

7. Think about it!
Why do rivers meander in prairie areas and not in Mountains?

8. Think about it!
Does water take a long time or a short amount of time to change a landscape?
Why do Rivers Curve?

9. Google Earth
Look for the following features on Google Earth

10. Coursera Video Series
Watch 4 videos on Glaciers. Follow along to get the answers for the fill in the blanks.

11. Glaciers
Glaciers are formed where there is an accumulation of snow over a long period of time.

12. Google Earth
Look for the following features on Google Earth

13. Surface Water Lakes and ponds → standing water
In a pond sunlight reaches the bottom
In a lake sunlight does not reach the bottom
Wetlands → areas that are saturated with water
Rivers and streams → flowing water
speed, temperature, clarity varies
more dissolved oxygen than in standing water

14. Run-off and Erosion
There are many factors that determine whether rain soaks into the ground or runs off – amount of rain, time it takes to fall, slope of the land, amount of vegetation.
All of these things affect how much loss of soil or sediments occurs, called erosion.
As water flows downhill, sediments are eroded and carried downstream where they will be deposited – called deposition.

15. Think about it!
Why should we monitor sediment loading?

16. Importance of Sediment Monitoring
can carry toxic chemicals from run-off or sediment-borne toxic chemicals
decrease water depth and make navigation difficult.
Sediment can affect the delivery of water – wear out pumps and turbines, etc.

17. Stream Table Demonstration
Write 5 observations from the stream table demonstrations relating to the following scenarios:
Regular Stream Table, Increased Elevation, Increased flow rate
Regular Stream = small pieces, many paths for water to flow
Increased elevation = larger pieces, one main path for water to flow
Increased flow rate = Pools of Water, one main path, more erosion/deposition occurred.
How were they affected by Erosion? Where did the sediment get deposited?

18. Groundwater Groundwater sits just above bedrock
The top of the layer of saturated soil is called the WATER TABLE
The layer is called the Aquifer
the water table is closer to the surface in wet years… and deeper from the surface in drier years
It is similar to a surface river system… except underground
when a well is drilled pressure forces groundwater to the surface in the well

19. The layer of porous rock in which all pores are full of water forms an aquifer.

20. Oceans – How do they Form
Describe how the Ocean Ridge Works
How do Ocean Trenches form?
Mid Atlantic Ridge in Iceland!
Google Earth

21. Layers of Earth

22. Mapping the Ocean Floor
Complete the activity on page 416
Try to identify the following features:
Continental Shelf
Continental slope
Abyssal Plain
Continental Margin
Ocean Basin

23. How do Tides and Waves Work?
Complete the Tides Postcard Assignment
Use your textbook to get the answers!!
This will be due next class!
- How tides work

24. Ocean Circulation Answer the questions based on the videos
(maybe?)

25. Ted ed How Big is the ocean?
El Nino (Bill Nye)
Concentration Gradients

26. El Nino
National Geographic
Bill Nye