1. Phrases and Clauses Phrase--a group of words
Clause--a group of words with a subject and verb

2. Clauses dependent--cannot stand alone and make sense
If I go, While you wait, whenever you want
independent--can stand alone
I will go. You were there. He saw you.

3. Simple Sentence S has one independent clause I love to eat.
He came over last night.
The test was not so bad.

4. Compound Sentence CD 2 independent clauses
can be joined by a fanboys conjunction
f=for a=and n=nor b=but o=or y=yet s=so
place a comma before the conjunction to separate the two complete sentences

5. Complex Sentence CX one dependent clause and one independent clause
If the dependent clause comes first, place a comma after it.
The independent clause comes first when the other is second. (no comma)

6. Compound/Complex Sentence
CDCX
at least one dependent and at least two independent clauses
Mom said that I could go, but I can’t.
When she grins, I know I have her permission; and I am happy.

7. Statement .
States a fact
The weather is cold. We took a test.

8. Command . Tells someone to do something Turn off the light.
Close the door.
Will you please close the door.
(if requests ACTION--use a period)

9. Question ? Asks a question that requires an ANSWER
Did you see him yesterday?
What time will you come?

10. Exclamation !
Exclaims emotion
Oh!
Help me!
Ouch!