1. Integrity and Ethics
-Tarak Bahadur KC, PhD

2. Contents Meaning of integrity, ethics and ethical behaviour
Causes / factors and consequences of unethical behaviour
Importance of integrity and ethics in the workplace
Strategies to improving/developing integrity and ethical behavior
Summary and conclusion
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3. Context We strive for good governance
Public institutions have to deliver public service efficiently and effectively to build public trust. Do service receivers trust government?
Building trust through the provision of services that are of high quality.
Responsiveness, accountability, honesty, loyalty and fairness are vital to gain public trust.
Integrity is one of the pillars/components of governance to gain respect.
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4. Malile Nepal Ma Je Bhoge!!!
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NASC 2014

5. 11/27/2018
NASC 2014

6. Discussion Compare and contrast between these two incidents
Sharing experiences
Resignation of Kirti Nidhi Bista, Keshar Bahadur Bista, Devendra Raj Pandey, Rameshwor Khanal, Ajam Khan (State Minister of Home Affairs UP, India), South Korean Prime-minister; perspective of Lenin and Stalin, etc.,
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7. An Incident: Ram Singh
Ram Singh is the project manager of a project. He has been running the project effectively with the help of his capable staffs. He is fully aware with the fact that he can’t run the project without their support. Mr. Singh has occasionally noticed that some malpractices exist among some of his subordinates causing harms to the project with the low quality of work and increased costs. However, he has also noticed that these malpractices are not contrary to the project’s existing rules and regulations and he is sure that the subordinate employees will be annoyed and frustrated to continue to work with supportive attitudes, if he controls such malpractices. He is therefore pretending of being ignorant of malpractices at subordinate level just to ensure their continued support for running the project smoothly and completing on time. Do you consider Mr. Singh as an unethical person?
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8. Why we need to talk about Integrity and Ethics?
Dix, 2011 “ Nepal has tried a lot in promoting integrity, transparency and accountability but has largely been unsuccessful.”
Ethical issues are important for improving service delivery; but “…. Moral and ethical values in civil service are in the state of deterioration, causing service delivery to suffer.” – U R Shakya, 2009
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9. Integrity and Ethics
The word "integrity" stems from the Latin adjective integer means whole, complete.
Integrity is the inner sense of "wholeness" deriving from qualities such as honesty and consistency of character.
Integrity is a concept of consistency of actions, values, methods, measures, principles, expectations, and outcomes.
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10. Integrity
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11. I = a (A,C,E ) – C What is integrity? I= integrity a= alignment
A= accountability
C= competence
E= ethics and
C= Corruption
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12. Ethics
A set of moral principles and standards of “right” behavior and conduct.
Right or wrong, good or bad in actions that affects others.
Collection of moral values, principles, and standards that provide guidelines or framework for action, depicting how public servants should act and behave.
Integrity and ethics refers to the application of values, principles and norms in the daily operations of public sector organizations.
A set of norms to show ideal human behavior in society.

13. Ethical Behaviour Ideal behavior or conduct
A set of standards of conduct and moral judgements that help to determine “right” and “wrong” behavior and action
Ethical behavior is the standards that you hold for yourself of the attributes of honesty, responsibility, and how you treat others in all facets of your life.
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14. Ethical behaviour respects the dignity, diversity and rights of individuals and groups of people.
Acting in ways consistent with what society and individuals typically think are good values. Ethical behavior tends to be good for business and involves demonstrating respect for key moral principles that include honesty, fairness, equality, dignity, diversity and individual rights.

15. Ethical vs Un-ethical Behaviour
Honesty
Accountability
Doing a job well
Humility (humble, decency, servitude-placing other peoples need before one's own)
Integrity
Proper conduct and overall morality
Reliability
Dedication
Character
Fairness
Lying
Cheating / Stealing
Does not abide by the rules of morality
Bribes / Corruption
Deliberate deception
Violation of conscience
Failure to honor commitments
Unlawful conduct
Disregard of organisation policy
Inappropriate /mis-use of resources
Sexual harassment and bullying
Illegal acts

16. An Incident: Ghanasyam Rai
Ghanashyam Rai was working in his office. Two unknown young chaps entered in his room. Mr. Rai welcomed them and asked the purpose of their visit. They introduced themselves as student, but their purpose of this visit was as social workers raising funds for sensitizing school boys and girls with moral values, HIV/AIDS, human trafficking, drugs, etc. in remote areas. They presented request letter for support by buying two dozens of correcting fluid and five dozens of pilot pen. Mr. Rai told them that his office purchases stationeries through tender, but since the boys are working for good cause, he will buy one dozen of each item and asked his subordinate to settle the deal at tender price. After few minutes his subordinate came and sought permission to pay the amount five times more than he was purchasing through the tender. The boys were not ready to accept the amount; they wanted their rate / price. What would you do in this case?
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17. Factors affecting Integrity and Ethical Behaviour
Executive as an Individual
Internal/ Organizational
External Environment
Family Influences
Policies, Code of conduct
Government regulations
Religious / Cultural values
Behaviour of leaders, supervisors, peers and subordinates
Norms and values of politics – political behaviour
Personal standards, and needs
Organisational culture
Ethical climate of society- social values and norms
My Choice
Ethical Behaviour

18. Consequences of Un-ethical Behaviour
Legal consequences, e.g. punishment
Excessive involvement in politics has deteriorated moral and ethical values and affected service delivery. Leading to trust deficit.
Civil service has become increasingly dysfunctional, fragmented, badly organized and incapable of performing at a level acceptable to public. Increased economic and social cost.
Failure of institutional and regulatory arrangements to maintain ethics and prevent corruption.
Excluded suffer the most.

19. Importance of Integrity and Ethics in the Workplace
Integrity is the corner stone of good governance
Rising expectations towards integrity and ethical behaviour from ordinary citizens, media and civil society.
Public officials are expected to make decisions and act solely in the public interest.
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20. Public employment being a public trust, the improper use of a public service position for private advantage is regarded as a serious violation of duty.
Fostering integrity and ethical behaviour and preventing corruption in the public sector is essential to maintain trust towards government.
The person of integrity keeps his/her self intact and the person who lacks integrity is corrupt in the sense that his/her self is disintegrated.
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21. Improving / Developing Integrity and Ethical Behaviour
The 4 Cs in culture building
Commitment by senior management
Clear set of values and standards of behaviour
Communication of values and standards to staffs
Continuous and consistent actions in promoting integrity
We should ask ours.elves the following questions to improve integrity and ethical behaviour:
Will my action or decision be against law?
Will my action or decision be an affront of my own conscience?
Will my action or decisions be in the interest of or for the greatest good for the greatest number?

22. Am I easily accessible to public ?
Being a public servant had I work and act in the best interest of the citizens?
Am I easily accessible to public ?
Being a public servant have I remain away from influences from political philosophy?
Do I believe that "Civil Service for the Public"?
Am I twisting facts for personal advantages?
Am I willing to stand up for and defend what is right?
Am I careful to keep promises?
Also,
Assess your ethical position
Acknowledge that “it starts with me!”
Build ethical thinking into daily activities
Establish a legend; let it be disseminated
Act with responsibly
Be willing to pay the price
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23. Summary and Conclusion
Integrity is the cornerstone for good governance which refers to the application of values, principles and norms in the daily operations of public sector organizations.
Integrity includes consistency and an unwavering adherence to values and beliefs. How much depth we perceive and pursue it, we have to carefully judge ourselves. The weaker the integrity and ethical behaviour, the stronger the corruption.
The need, therefore, is to be ethical; and ethical behaviour can be improved at organisational and individual level.

24. Success Will Come and Go, But Integrity is Forever.
“Try not to become man of success, but rather become a man of Value.”
– Albert Einstein
God bless Us
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