1. Discovering Psychology Special Update For DSM-5
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury
Discovering Psychology
Sixth Edition
Special Update For DSM-5
Chapter 14
Therapies
Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

2. Table 14.1 Who’s Who Among Mental Health Professionals
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

3. Table 14.2 Comparing Psychodynamic and Humanistic Therapies
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

4. As part of systematic desensitization, the therapist helps the client develop an anxiety hierarchy. The sample anxiety hierarchy shown here illustrates the kinds of scenes that might be listed by a person who is phobic of dental treatment (Getka & Glass, 1992). Starting at the bottom of the hierarchy, relaxation is paired with each scene until the client can calmly visualize the image. Only then does he move to the next scene in the hierarchy.
Figure A Sample Anxiety Hierarchy Used in Systematic Desensitization
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

5. Figure 14.2 The Effect of Operant Conditioning Techniques
These graphs depict the changes in three specific sleep-related problem behaviors of a 4-year-old girl over the course of behavioral therapy. The intervention for each problem behavior was introduced separately over several weeks. As you can see, behavior therapy produced a rapid reduction in the rate of each problem behavior. The green area shows the maintenance of desired behavior changes over a six-month follow-up.
Figure The Effect of Operant Conditioning Techniques
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

6. Table 14.3 Behavior Therapy
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

7. Figure 14.3 The “ABC” Model in Rational-Emotive Therapy
Common sense tells us that unhappiness and other unpleasant emotions are caused by unpleasant or disturbing events. This view is shown in the top part of the figure. But Albert Ellis (1993) points out that it is really our beliefs about the events, not the events themselves, that make us miserable, as diagrammed in the bottom part of the figure.
Figure The “ABC” Model in Rational-Emotive Therapy
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

8. Table 14.4 Irrational Beliefs
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

9. Table 14.5 Cognitive Biases in Major Depressive Disorder
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

10. Table 14.6 Comparing Cognitive Therapies
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

11. Figure 14.4 Psychotherapy Versus No Treatment
This graph depicts the rates of improvement for more than 2,000 people in weekly psychotherapy and for 500 people who did not receive psychotherapy. As you can see, after only eight weekly sessions, more than 50 percent of participants receiving psychotherapy improved significantly. After the same length of time, only 4 percent of participants not receiving psychotherapy showed “spontaneous remission” of symptoms. Clearly, psychotherapy accelerates both the rate and degree of improvement for those experiencing psychological problems.
Figure Psychotherapy Versus No Treatment
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

12. Table 14.7 Antipsychotic Medications
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

13. When the first antipsychotic drugs came into wide use in the late 1950s, the number of people hospitalized for mental disorders began to drop sharply.
Figure Change in the Number of Patients Hospitalized for Mental Disorders, 1946–1983
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

14. Table 14.8 Antianxiety Medications
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

15. Table 14.9 Antidepressant Medications
Don H. Hockenbury and Sandra E. Hockenbury: Discovering Psychology, Sixth Edition – Special Update For DSM-5 Copyright © 2014 by Worth Publishers

16. Photo Credits
Slide 5: Ben Welsh/age fotostock