1. “two rice bowls at the opposite ends of a carrying pole”

2. Vietnam timeline 2,000 BC – Vietnam inhabited by the “Viets”
111 BC Han Dynasty of China conquers the region
– Vietnamese revolt against China
establish kingdom of Le Thanh-tong
Viet puppet/statue

3. French colonize Vietnam
Napoleon III of France as vulture, lampooned by Harpers Monthly, 1872

4. Ho Chi Minh (“he who enlightens”)
Born in 1890 as Nguyen That Thanh
From Paris to China . . .
. . . To Vietnam to organize a liberation army: the Viet Minh

5. modern Vietnam
Ho’s forces wave the Vietnamese flag at Dien Bien Phu, 1954

6. the 1954 Geneva accords
1954 Geneva conference

7. SEATO (South East Asian Treaty Organization)
established in 1954
included U.S., France, Great Britain, Australia, New Zealand, Thailand, Taiwan, the Philippines and Pakistan

8. Ngo Dihn Diem
Takes charge of South Vietnam in 1956; Creates the Republic of Vietnam