1. What causes us to be sick/what makes us sick?
After we have become sick, how do we get better?

2. The Immune System

3. What is the immune system?
Function: The immune system is your bodies defense system to protect you from disease and infection *Only job is to destroy anything that is not you Recognizes self vs. nonself

4. Self vs. nonself?
Your immune system knows your what your protein receptors look like… Will destroy receptors it does not recognize!!!

5. 2 types of defenses Lymphocytes T-cells B-cells Antibodies Skin
(Nonspecific defenses)
Skin
Mucus (lysozyme)
Inflammatory response
Fever
Phagocytes
(Specific defenses)
Lymphocytes
T-cells
B-cells
Antibodies

6. 1st line of defense (Innate Immunity)
Nonspecific defenses: Physical barriers to keep stuff out
SKIN
Mucus
3rd

7. 2nd line of defense Nonspecific defenses: Slow the pathogens down
Inflammatory Response

8. 2nd line of defense
Nonspecific defenses: Slow the pathogens down Neutrophils and macrophages eat everything (lysozyme)
Phagocytes

9. 2nd line of defense
Nonspecific defenses: Slow the pathogen down
FEVER

10. Lymphocytes=white blood cells that search, destroy, remember
3rd line of defense
Lymphocytes=white blood cells that search, destroy, remember
T-Cells
B-Cells
Antibodies
1st
Remembers the pathogens
Helps turn on the immune system or kill infected cells

11. How are nonspecific defenses (innate immunity) different from specific defenses (acquired immunity)? The difference is that the nonspecific kills everything that is not you, specific only targets the ones they are assigned to.

12. Recognizing Pathogens
Lymphocytes recognize pathogens by the antigens (receptor proteins) on their surface.
If it is not you, its an antigen. Your immune system attacks

13. Antigens and Antibodies

14. How do antibodies work?
Antigen is identified and cells make millions of antibodies that match the antigen
Antibodies attach to the antigens like lock and key (very specific) which helps because:
-Prevents bacteria and viruses from entering/ attacking your cells
- Clumps them together for easy destruction
***- Flags the bacteria or virus for destruction

15. Turning on the Immune System

16. Activating the immune system
Chicken Pox Virus

17. Activating the immune system
Chicken Pox Virus

18. HIV and AIDs
HIV= human immunodeficiency virus Reproduces in macrophages then starts infecting and destroying helper T cells No helper T-cells leads to a break down of the entire immune system. Normal person has helper t-cells in 1 drop of blood Less than 200 t-cells in 1 drop of blood = AIDS

19. Activating the immune system
HIV
Cold Virus