1. Today’s Overview “Get to know me!” Bell ringer
Ask your desk partner to describe a time when he or she had a negative experience from not listening
Notes on listening vs. hearing

2. -From Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar
“Lend me your ears.”
-From Shakespeare’s Julius Caesar
Show Sesame Street video of Speedy Pizza order

3. What’s the difference?
Hearing: A split second process of receiving sound; it is a physical process
Listening: Putting meaning to sound; it is a mental process

4. Hearing
Experiments have shown that a healthy young person hears all sound frequencies from approximately 20 to 20,000 hertz.
Comparison- Dolphins and bats, hear frequencies up to 100,000 Hz. - Elephants 14–16 Hz,
Whales can hear infrasonic sounds as low as 7 Hz (in water).
Frequencies capable of being heard by humans are called audio or sonic

5. Frequency vs. Decibels
The number of vibrations that are produced per second is called frequency. Frequency varies for each sound and is measured in hertz. 1 hertz is equal to one vibration per second. A sound with a low frequency will have a low pitch, such as a human's heartbeat.
Sound intensity, or loudness, is measured in decibels (dB).
Pitch vs Loudness

6. Hearing Loss
Vowel sounds like a short “o” as in the word “hot,” have low frequencies (250 to 1,000 Hz) and are usually easier to hear.
Consonants like “s,” “h,” and “f,” have higher frequencies (1,500 to 6,000 Hz) and are harder to hear. Consonants convey most of the meaning of what we say. Someone who cannot hear high-frequency sounds will have a hard time understanding speech and language.
The highest frequency that a normal middle-aged adult can hear is only  kilohertz. 

7. Affects what we hear-
Laurel or Yanny?

8. Application to you!
Headphones emit sound as loud as 110 decibels, the equivalent of strapping a power saw to each ear.
85-90 is the top level recommended

9. Activity
3 volunteers!
-The story….
Read the story!

10. As listeners, we are either active or passive
Active listening: a listening role in which the listener participates and shares in the communication process by guiding the speaker toward understanding
Passive listening: a listening role in which the listener does not share in the responsibility for, or involve himself or herself in, the communication process

11. The Rate Gap Between Speaking and Listening
We speak at words per minute.
Hear 50 words--
Tune in and think about them--
Hear next 60 words--tune out and the mind wanders
BUT we hear and process much quicker

12. Because our brains can process words more quickly than they are delivered, we have to learn to use the “rate gap” to improve
our listening skills.

13. Four Ways to Listen
Appreciative listening--a listening style used to enjoy pleasurable sounds, as in music or nature
Discriminative listening--a listening style used to single out a particular sound from a noisy environment
Example: Listening for your friend’s voice in the crowded lunchroom
Empathetic listening--a style of listening that encourages people to talk freely, without fear of embarrassment
Critical listening--a listening style used to analyze and assess a message for logic and value
Example: Evaluating a politician’s speech, taking notes in school

14. Why is it so difficult to listen?
We are usually thinking about a response to a person
Our busy lives
Modern technology
What other reasons?

15. How to become a better listener
Ask for explanations
Paraphrase the message--put the message into your own words
Summarize the message--look for the main idea in a speech or conversation
When you summarize, you condense the important points into a brief statement.
Write it down!

16. 7 Roadblocks to Good Listening
Each group is responsible for presenting a scene to the class showing a roadblock.
Every person in the group needs to participate in the scene.
Your scene should be between 15 and 30 seconds
Do not tell the class what your roadblock is until after the scene

17. 7 Roadblocks to Good Listening
Tuning out dull topics
Faking attention
Yielding to distractions
Criticizing delivery or physical appearance
Jumping to conclusions
Overreacting to emotional words
Interrupting