1. Graphs

2. Words to Know
Sample Size – The number of observations in a sample(experiment)
Replication – In research, the repetition of an experiment to confirm findings or to ensure accuracy.
Modification – a change / correct/ make better
Accurate- closeness of measurements of a quantity to the true value

3. Box - and -
Whisker Plot
Circle Graph
Pictograph
Types of Graphs
Bar Graphs
Plots
Line Graphs
Histogram
Single
Stem & Leaf
Single
Line
Double
Double
Scatter

4. Pictograph
Days of the Week
Fireflies
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5. Pictograph All pictographs have a title.
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Pictograph
All pictographs have a title.
Rows and columns shape the pictograph.
Label each row and column.
Use pictures to show the data.
Each picture equals a certain amount of data.
Pictographs need a key.

6. Bar Graph
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7. Bar Graph The purpose of a bar graph is to display and compare data.
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Bar Graph
The purpose of a bar graph is to display and compare data.
Bar graphs use bars to show the data.
A bar graph must include:
- a title
- labeled X and Y axes
- equal intervals are used on the Y axis
- the bars are evenly spaced apart from each other

8. Double Bar Graph
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9. Return to Graph
Double Bar Graph
The purpose of a double bar graph is to compare two or more sets of data.
Uses bars to show the data.
Double bar graphs must include:
- Title
- Labeled X and Y axes
- Equal intervals are used on the Y axis
- Pairs of bars are equally spaced, but the compared bars are not
- Key

10. Histogram
Class Test Scores
Frequency
Test Scores
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11. Histogram Histograms are used to show the frequency of data.
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Histograms are used to show the frequency of data.
Very similar to bar graphs, but use intervals on the X axis.
Bars do touch.
Histograms have a title.
Histograms have two axes which are labeled.

12. Line Graph
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13. Line Graph A line graph is used to illustrate change over time.
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Line Graph
A line graph is used to illustrate change over time.
Line graphs need:
- Title
- Labeled X and Y axes
- Equal Intervals
- Data displayed by points connected into lines

14. Double Line Graph
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15. Return to Graph
Double Line Graph
- Equal Intervals
- Data displayed by points connected into lines
- Key
A double line graph is used to compare two groups of related data over time.
Double line graphs need:
- Title
- Labeled X and Y axes

16. Circle Graph
More Info

17. Return to Graph
Circle Graph
Circle graphs are used to display parts of the data in relation to the entire amount of data.
All circle graphs need a title.
Each part is called a sector and is labeled.
All angles correct (+2/-2 degrees)

18. Line Plot More Info Favorite Colors X X X X X X X X X X X X X
Red Blue Green Yellow Purple
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19. Return to Graph
Line Plot
A line plot shows the spread of all the data on a number line.
Easily identifies the mode.
All line plots include:
- a title
- a numbered horizontal line
- data displayed by use of X’s

20. Stem and Leaf Plot
Student Heights in Centimeters
1 1
More Info
Key: 12
7 = 127 cm

21. Return to Graph
Stem and Leaf Plot
Stem and leaf plots are used as a quick way of seeing how many pieces of data fall in various ranges. The reader can quickly tell:
- the range
- the mode
Stem and leaf plots have a title, a stem, and leaves
A key is used to explain how to read the stem and leaves.

22. Study Time Versus Grades
Scatter Plot
Study Time Versus Grades
100 * * * * 80 * * *
Grade 60 40 20 1 2 3 4 5
Study Time in Hours
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23. Scatter Plot Shows how closely two sets of data are related
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Shows how closely two sets of data are related
The closer the sets are related, the closer the points come to forming a straight line.
Scatter Plots include:
- title
- labeled axes
- equal intervals
- corresponding numbers plotted as ordered pairs

24. Line of Best Fit
A line of best fit (or "trend" line) is a straight line that best represents the data on a scatter plot. Direction of data.
This line may pass through some of the points, none of the points, or all of the points.

25. Box - and - Whisker Plot Hours of Homework 5.25 6.9 6.3 5 7.75 3 4 5 68 9
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26. Box - and - Whisker Plot - Labeled intervals
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Box - and - Whisker Plot
- Labeled intervals
- Box between lower and upper quartiles
- Whiskers from quartiles to extremes
- Median, quartiles and whiskers labeled
Displays large set of data.
Gives general idea of how data clusters.
Graph includes:
- Title

27. Key Words Mean – average or central tend
Median – the number halfway into a set of ordered numbers
Mode – number that occurs the most
Range – difference between the lowest and the highest value
Long-term data collection - the process of gathering and measuring information over an extended time