1. World War I
The Great War

2. Causes: M.A.N.I.A Militarism Alliances Nationalism Imperialism
Assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand

3. Alliances Central Powers Allies Germany
Austria-Hungary Triple Alliance
Turkey
Bulgaria
Allies
Great Britain
France Triple Entente
Russia
Serbia
Belgium
Japan
Italy
United States (April 1917)

4. Reasons For American Entrance

5. 1) Unrestricted Submarine Warfare by Germany
Sinking the Lusitania (1916)
Sussex Pledge (1916)
Unrestricted warfare again (1917)

6. 2) Allied Propaganda
Great Britain: common language and culture
France: alliance since Revolutionary War

7. 3) Hostility toward Germany
Had a military controlled dictatorship
Invaded neutral Belgium
Waged unrestricted submarine warfare
Attempted to sabotage American industries
Plotted to draw Mexico into war (Zimmerman note)

8. 4) American Economic Interests
Extended loans to Allies
Sold goods to Allies

9. 5) American Idealism
Better world if Allies won
World must be safe for Democracy

10. 6) American Security
Brest-Litovsk Treat: Russia makes a peace treaty with Germany to withdraw from WWI early
Major territorial concessions- Russia gave 1/3 of its land to Germany

11. Homefront

12. Broad powers to direct economy Array of government agencies
1) Increasing Presidential Powers
Broad powers to direct economy
Array of government agencies

13. 2) Mobilizing the Economy
War industries board- allocated raw materials, expanded war production
war labor board- medicated labor disputes
Railroad administration- controlled railroads
Food administration- increased farm output: public support

14. 3) Punishing Espionage and Sedition
Espionage Act (1917)- spying and sabotaging war effort
Sedition Act (1918)- speaking against the government

15. 4) Financing the War
Income Tax
Excise Tax
Liberty Bonds
Victory Bonds

16. 5) Providing Military Forces
Selective service acts
Appeal for American troops to turn the tide of the war
Russia- leaves the war early due to a civil war in their country
New weapons- machine guns, submarines, airplanes, tanks, zeppelins, trench warfare, poison gases

17. Treaty of Versailles President Wilson 14 Points
Points 1-5 designed to remove what Wilson believed were the causes of the war
Points 6-13 dealt with boundary changes
Point 14 called for establishment of a League of Nations (global organization set up to promote peace)
Treaty of Versailles with Germany (1919)
Different Allied Objectives:
a) Lloyd George (Great Britain)- make Germany pay all
b) Clemenceau (France)- make Germany pay
c) Orlando (Italy)- enlarge Italian empire
d) Wilson (US)- peace and a better world

18. Treaty of Versailles Major Divisions 9 new nations formed
Boundaries of nations shifted
Germany’s army was reduced
Germany accepted full responsibility and agreed to pay all war damages
League of Nations was created
Weaknesses
Failed to establish any sort of lasting peace
Laid the groundwork for post war international problems