1. Instruments of the Orchestra
Including roles of the conductor and concertmaster/concertmistress

2. Instrument Families Strings (harp, violin, viola, cello, double bass)
Woodwinds (piccolo, flute, oboe, bassoon, clarinet)
Brass (trumpet, horn in F (French Horn), trombone, euphonium, tuba)
Percussion (timpani, bass drum, cymbals, tambourine, triangle, snare drum, cowbell, xylophone, castanets, tamtam, and whip (slap stick))

3. The Orchestra Leaders
Conductor – the man or woman in charge of directing the orchestra; they stand in front of the ensemble
Concertmaster/Concertmistress – the principal player of the violin section; this player leads the string sections during string rehearsals. They are also in charge tuning the orchestra and they make sure everyone can play their part

4. The String Family All stringed instruments have strings
The sound is created by plucking, bowing, or strumming the strings. The fiction on the string creates vibrations which becomes sound.
Violin – highest pitched instrument
Viola – deeper sound than the violin but still high
Cello – low pitched instrument that play in three different clefs (has a lot of range)
Double Bass – lowest pitched instrument
Harp – multi-stringed instrument plucked to give it sound

5. The Woodwind Family All woodwind instruments are not made out of wood
has a reed or uses air vibration to create the sound
Piccolo – highest pitched instrument
Flute – an octave lower; high pitched instrument
Oboe – has a double reed; pressure against both reeds create the sound
Bassoon – has a double reed; low pitches instrument
Clarinet – has a single reed; uses the reed to produce a sound

6. The Brass Family Brass instruments are made of brass parts
Have to buzz into a mouthpiece to create a sound and must push down valves or use a slide
Trumpet – highest pitched instrument
Horn in F (French Horn) – has wide range and plays in two clefs
Trombone – has a slide instead of valves; low pitched instrument
Tuba – lowest pitched instrument

7. The Percussion Family
Percussion instruments are made of different materials
Must be struck, shook, or scraped by a mallet, hammer, or hand
The list of percussion instruments are timpani, bass drum, cymbals, tambourine, triangle, snare drum, cowbell, xylophone, castanets, tamtam, and whip (slap stick).

8. Orchestra Seating Chart