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Concept Attainment You will be trying to solve a puzzle by examining two sets of words that are alike/not alike. On the following slide I will reveal an example, you will be asked to think how these two things are alike and not alike. After I have revealed two more sets of examples you will be allowed to guess, however, before you are allowed to guess you must provide your own set of positive and negative examples.
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Concept Attainment Positive Negative Great Britain , Spain, & France
Hawaii, Philippines, & French Congo Spheres of Influence in China Boxer Rebellion Spanish American War American Civil War Partitioning of Africa Arab Spring America (1840) America (1776)
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Africa’s Natural Defense
Unit 6: Africa
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African Trade [15c-17c]
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Pre-19c European Trade with Africa
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Why did Africa Remain “Closed?"
Escarpments – steep cliffs Cataracts – Large waterfalls on many African rivers; Ex. Nile, Congo, Zambezi Boats cannot sail down many rivers Early Europeans did not explore the land
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Why did Africa Remain “Closed?”
Tropical Climate: Breeding Ground for Disease: Malaria (mosquitoes) Sleeping Sickness – Tsetse Fly River blindness – Flies Bilharzia – snails/parasite worms – bladder infections Guinea Worm Blinding Trachoma Ebola
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Factors Leading to European Imperialism
Unit 6: Africa
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Think-Pair-Share At your table please discuss the following prompts and write down your opinion. “Every empire seeks as its imperialistic mission not to plunder and control but to educate and liberate.” Or “The truth is that imperialism was never idealistic. It has always been driven by economic or strategic interests.”
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Definition of Imperialism
Imperialism – a policy in which a strong nation seeks to dominate other countries politically, economically, or socially.
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European Motives For Imperialism European Nationalism
Source for Raw Materials Missionary Activity Industrial Revolution European Motives For Imperialism Markets for Finished Goods Military & Naval Bases Social Darwinism European Racism Places to Dump Unwanted/ Excess Popul. Humanitarian Reasons Soc. & Eco. Opportunities “White Man’s Burden”
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Motives for European Imperialism
Economic – industrial competition, raw materials. Industrial revolution Political – rivalries grew in Europe. Increase in nationalism in European countries. Religious – spread Christianity.
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Social Darwinism Charles Darwin’s ideas about evolution
“survival of the fittest” Justification for imperialist expansion. Racism – the belief that one race is superior to others. White Man’s Burden
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Social Darwinism
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The “White Man’s Burden”
Rudyard Kipling
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Missionaries Major push by European missionaries to convert people in Asia, Africa, and the Pacific Islands to Christianity.
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What Opened the Heart of Africa?
Reasons: Technologically superior Maxim gun. Invented (1884). 1st automatic gun. Europeans had built steamboats, railroads, and cables in order to gain control of Africa. Europeans developed drugs to prevent malaria (1829). Europeans manipulated rival African groups to fight one another.
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European Explorers in Africa
19c Europeans Map the Interior of Africa
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Where Is Dr. Livingstone? Sir Henry Morton Stanley
Doctor Livingstone, I Presume? Sir Henry Morton Stanley Dr. David Livingstone
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MMMMM…Give Me Some of the Cake…The Berlin Conference
Unit 6: Africa
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Berlin Conference Berlin Conference Held: 1884-1885
Goal= Divide Africa to avoid European conflict 14 nations met in Germany No African Nations were present The Europeans carved Africa into colonies. Set future rules on acquiring territories.
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Berlin Conference of Another point of view?
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Berlin Conference Invitees
The 14 attending conference: Austria-Hungary. 8. Netherlands. Belgium Portugal. Denmark Russia. France Spain. Germany Sweden-Norway (Unified ) Turkey Great Britain United States Italy. BOLD FACE ARE THE MAJOR COUNTRIES INVOLVED AT THE TIME
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Impact of The Berlin Conference on Africa
Unit 6: Africa
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Africa 1890
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Africa In 1914
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Examples of European Imperialism
Unit 6: Africa
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Scramble for Africa King Leopold II of Belgium began controlling the Congo River Basin (modern-day Democratic Republic of Congo).
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King Leopold II: (r – 1909)
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Harvesting Rubber
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Belgium’s Stranglehold on the Congo
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Punishing “Lazy” Workers
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5-8 Million Victims! (50% of Pop.)
It is blood-curdling to see them (the soldiers) returning with the hands of the slain, and to find the hands of young children amongst the bigger ones evidencing their bravery...The rubber from this district has cost hundreds of lives, and the scenes I have witnessed, while unable to help the oppressed, have been almost enough to make me wish I were dead... This rubber traffic is steeped in blood, and if the natives were to rise and sweep every white person on the Upper Congo into eternity, there would still be left a fearful balance to their credit Belgian Official 5-8 Million Victims! (50% of Pop.)
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