1. .NET Overview
Yingcai Xiao

2. Types of Programming (1) Local: CLI (Command Line Interface)
GUI (Graphical User Interface)
NUI (Natural User Interface)
(2) Web:
Server Side, Web Applications, Web Services
4-Tir Enterprise Applications, (3) Cloud:
IaaS (Infrastructure as a Service): HW
PaaS (Platform as a Service): OS
SaaS (Software as a Service): SW

3. Reference Books
C# n.n and the .NET n.n Framework, Andrew Troelsen and Philip Japikse, Apress
Pro ASP.NET MVC, Adam Freeman, Apress

4. Reference Books Reference Books:
Professional C# and .NET, Christian Nagel, et. al., Wrox
Professional C#, Simon Robinson, et. al., Wrox
Microsoft .NET for Programmers, Fergal Grimes, Manning
Programming C#: Building .NET Applications with C#, Jesse Liberty, O’Reilly
For Beginners:
C# Concisely, Bishop & Horspool, Pearson / Addison Wesley
Beginning C# Objects from Concepts to Code, Barker and Palmer, Apress
Microsoft Visual C#.NET Step by Step, John Sharp, Microsoft Press
Visual C#20xx, Deitel & Deitel
Understanding .NET, David Chappell, Pearson / Addison Wesley

5. System Support Integrated Development Platform (IDE):
Microsoft Visual Studio 2012 (Web)
From Microsoft Imagine (free downloads)
The lab computers:
CAS 241 and 254
With Microsoft Visual Studio 2012
Windows 7
Server for the course:
winverv1.cs.uakron.edu
Windows Server

6. An Introduction to
C# and .NET

7. What is .NET? .Net is a framework for developing
OS-platform-independent,
Programming-language-independent,
web-enabled,
distributed
applications.

8. Common Binary Code

9. OS-Independent Code: Intermediate Languages
The trend to support OS-independent binary code is to compile the source code into the binary format of an intermediate language.
And to provide an interpreter for the intermediate language on each OS to translate the binary code of the intermediate language into the native binary code of the OS.

10. Program statements are interpreted one at a time during the run-time.
Java Intermediate Language: Java Bytecode
Java Source Code (.java)
Java Compiler (javac) on OS1
Java Compiler (javac) on OS2
Java Bytecode (.class)
Java Interpreter on OS1 (java)
Java Interpreter on OS2 (java)
Binary Code for OS1
Binary Code for OS2
OS1
OS2
Program statements are interpreted one at a time during the run-time.

11. JIT Compiler
An interpreter interprets intermediate code one line at a time. Slow execution.
A JIT (Just-In-Time) compiler compiles the complete code all at once into native binary code before execution. Faster execution.

12. All programming statements are compiled at compile time.
JIT Complier: Java Bytecode Compiler
Java Source Code (.java)
Java Compiler (javac) on OS1
Java Compiler (javac) on OS2
Java Bytecode (.class)
Java JIT Compiler on OS1
Java JIT Compiler on OS2
Binary Code for OS1
Binary Code for OS2
OS1
OS2
All programming statements are compiled at compile time.

13. .NET OS-Platform-Independence
MSIL: Microsoft Intermediate Language
Source Code for Language 1
Language 1 Compiler on OS1
Language 1 Compiler on OS2
MSIL Code
MSIL JIT Compiler on OS1
MSIL JIT Compiler on OS2
Binary Code for OS1
Binary Code for OS2
OS1
OS2
.NET OS-Platform-Independence

14. A Common Language

15. .NET Common Language Runtime
To make .NET language independent, CLR (Common Language Runtime) is defined as the runtime environment.
CLR defines CTS (Common Type System) which should be followed by all languages to be used in the .NET framework.
Syntax: int, for, …, struct, class,
Semantics: multiple inheritance not allowed in CTS
Object Oriented: encapsulation, inheritance and polymorphism
Visual Basic (.Net) redesigned to be OO
The code that follows CTS standard is called managed code.
regular C++ supports multiple inheritance
managed C++ does not support multiple inheritance

16. Source Code for Language 1 Source Code for Language 2
.NET Architecture for Language and Platform Independence
(fan-in and fan-out on MSIL)
Source Code for Language 1
Source Code for Language 2
Language 1 Compiler on OS1
Language 2 Compiler on OS2
MSIL Code Confirming CTS (Managed Code)
CLR on OS1
CLR on OS2
Binary Code for OS1
Binary Code for OS2
OS1
OS2

17. CLI (Common Language Infrastructure) CLR/CTS for Everyone

18. CLI : Common Language Infrastructure
A specification defines an environment for multiple high-level languages to be used on different computer platforms.
Created by Microsoft based on .NET, standardized by MS, Intel, HP and others, ratified by ECMA and ISO.
.NET is an implementation of CLI for desktop systems.
.NET Compact Framework is an implementation of CLI for portable devices.
Open Source implementations: Mono development platform (Novell), Portable .NET (dotGNU)

19. Source Code for Language 1 Source Code for Language 2
CLI (Common Language Infrastructure) Specification
Open Architecture for Language and Platform Independent Programming
Source Code for Language 1
Source Code for Language 2
Language 1 Compiler on OS1
Language 2 Compiler on OS2
CIL (Common Intermediate Language) Code
Confirming CTS (Common Type System)
CLR for OS1
CLR for OS2
Binary Code for OS1
Binary Code for OS2
OS1
OS2

20. Even though, CLI/CTS/CLR can make a program written in any language to run on any platform, the entire program (including all libraries used) has to be on the platform before running.
Can we have part of a program on one computer and another part of the same program on another computer?
Distributed Computing. A program is divided into multiple parts and different parts are distribute on different computers.
e.g. remote surgery.

21. Web Enabled & Distributed .NET
Stoped 6/22/2017

22. .Net is Web-enabled and Distributed
To run distributed code on the web, we need a standardized way to register and access the code.
Registration:
UDDI Registry: Universal Description, Discovery, and Integration.
Access:
SOAP: Simple Object Access Protocol
WSDL: Web Service Description Language

23. A Common Language for the Internet (free of compilation and translation)

24. A Common Language for the Internet
Tim Berners-Lee, Director of WWW Consortium
CERN : Center for European Particle Research
ASCII text (ISO/IEC ) is platform-independent.
HTTP (Hyper Text Transport Protocol)
e.g.
GET wp.html
Assembly Language for the Internet
HTML (Hyper Text Markup Language)
High-level language for the Internet)
hyper text: text that describes other text
tags: type definition of text in text
<title>WP</title>
all tags are predefined in HTML
only system defined types, no user defined types
Recognizable by all types of computers. (World Wide Web)

25. A Common Language for the Internet
HTTP:
Communication protocol between client and server.
HTML:
Common language for the WWW
Interpreted by web browsers
HTML5:
<video>, <audio>, <canvas>, SVG, MathML

26. A Common Language for the Internet
XML (eXtensible Markup Language)
Allow user defined tags (types)
SOAP (Simple Object Access Protocol)
Standards for defining objects for the Internet
Based on XML
WSDL (Web Service Description Language)
Standards for describing web services for the Internet
Based on XML

27. .NET Architecture for Web-based Distributed Computing
Client 1
Client 2
Web Service 1
UDDI Registry 1
WSDL Interface 1
UDDI Registry 2
Web Service 2
WSDL Interface 2
SOAP
WEB

28. Summary Types of Programming .Net Platform Independence
Programming Language Independence
Web Enabled
Distributed Computing