1. Biodiversity

2. Biodiversity 3 Types Species Diversity (Based on 2 things)
number of species(Species Richness)
their relative proportions (Species Evenness)
Genetic Diversity
The range of genetic material present within a gene pool (population)
Basically it is the diversity within each species
Humans alter through domestication/agriculture
Habitat Diversity
The range of different habitats per unit area in a particular ecosystem or biome
How complex the niche structure of a biome is (High in tropics, lower near poles)

3. Advantages of High Biodiversity
Resilience and stability due to range of plants present
Resistance to disease due to genetic diversity
Nutrient cycling increased by deep rooted plants
But…
Could be due to fragmentation or degradation (high richness of pioneer species after human disturbance)
Different plant species make managing grazing difficult
There are exceptions to the rule. (Some stable communities rely on very few types of producers)

4. Diversity Indices
Can only compare two similar ecosystems or 2 communities within the same ecosystem
Lower Biodiversity could indicate pollution, eutrophication, or recent colonization
Only tells part of the story
Investigations must be repeated to understand the natural fluctuations of a system
These are just examples don’t copy them

5. Hot Spots Biodiversity is not equally distributed!
Hot spots have an unusually high number of endemic species (There are about 30)
~10 in tropical rainforest regions
Nearer the tropics due to fewer limiting factors
All threatened where 70% of area has already been lost
Contains more than 1,500 endemic plant species
Cover only about 2.3% of land surface
Tend to have large human populations nearby