1. Post-Classical Asia

2. Rise of the Ottoman Empire
The Ottomans, a nomadic group of Turkish people originally from Central Asia
In 1453, they succeeded in capturing Constantinople, and renaming it Istanbul
The Ottoman Empire reached its greatest size under Sultan Suleiman the Magnificent
The Ottomans recruited boys and created a special group of soldiers called Janissaries
Jewish and Christians were given religious and political freedoms under Ottoman rule

4. Safavid Empire in Persia
The Safavid created a
Great Islamic empire in Persia in the early 1500s
They were apart of the Shi’ite Muslim tribe
Rulers were known as Shahs
They became famous for beautiful carpets and miniature paintings

5. Muslim Invasion of India
Muslims never truly adopted Indian ways
Muslim women wore veils and Hindu women did not
During the 14th century, Mongol ruler Tamberlane destroyed the city of Delhi and slaughtered its inhabitants

6. The Mughal Empire
In 1526, Babur, a descendant of both Tamberlane and Chinngis Khan (Ghengis Khan) defeated the Sultan of Delhi and founded the Mughal Empire.
The name was taken from “Mongol” the Mughals were Muslims with close ties to Safavid Persia
The most famous Mughal ruler was Babur’s grandson, Akbar the Great (1542 – 1605)
Akbar encouraged learning, painting, music, and literature

7. Shah Jahan Akbar’s grandson, Shah Jahan (1628-1658)
He was less accepting of Hindus
He ordered the destruction of many Hindu temples
Under Jahan’s rule Mughal artist and architectural achievements reached a high point
His most famous and beautiful building, the Taj Mahal, he designed himself as a tomb for his wife

8. Sikhism
Developed in northern India as a result of the interaction of Muslim and Hindu beliefs
They believe in one God
Everyone has equal status unlike the Hindu Caste system
Men do not cut their hair, but wear it under a turban

9. The Mongol Empire Geography – From the Carpathian Mountains of Eastern
Europe to Manchuria in northeast Asia are the Steppes
For generations nomadic people have lived in this area by herding horses, sheep, camels, and goats using the vast grasslands for pasture
The Huns repelled by the Chinese emperors invaded Europe and contributed to the collapse of the Roman Empire
Later, the Turks and the Mongols came out of Central Asia

10. The Mongols
The Mongols lived in the steppes of the eastern part of Central Asia, northwest of China
The slept in domed tents of felt, which could be easily moved
They were excellent horsemen and archers
During the 1200s the Mongols established the greatest empire the world had ever seen

11. Chinggis Khan (Ghengis Khan)
Mongol Leader who united the various Mongol tribes by1206
After he established himself as the leader of Mongolia he set out to conquer Asia
He began by attacking neighboring peoples

12. The Tang Dynasty
China entered a period of turmoil after the collapse of the Han Dynasty in 220 AD
Several warring Kingdoms arose and science, art, and culture declined
This period is known as the Six Dynasties
During the Tang Dynasty, China experienced a Golden Age

13. China expanded into Korea, Manchuria, and parts of Central Asia
Under the early Tang every adult man received a fixed amount of land from the government
Peasants had to perform labor for the imperial government and paid taxes in the form of grain and silk
Under Empress Wu Zetian, government officials made recommendations from reforms
Under the Tang, China developed a unique form of garden
Painters depicted nature with
brushwork on scrolls

14. Women in China During the Song Dynasty the practice
of footbinding began and demonstrates
the desire to limit female mobility

15. Song (Sung)Dynasty
After the fall of the Tang Dynasty in 907, China shrank again in size
In 960, the Song Dynasty emerged in the south
It was a time of great social and economic progress

16. Song Achievements First use of paper money
Built the grand canal connecting Beijing, the Hwang Ho, and the Yangtze River was used to ship grain within China
The greatest threat was from the north
In an effort to protect their northern borders China allied themselves with the Mongols, the alliance proved to be a mistake the Mongols soon took over and established the Yuan Dynasty

17. China’s influence on Japan
Japan was deeply influenced by Chinese culture
The Japan adopted the Chinese method of writing
Art, music, dance, even cooking was influenced
Although greatly influence by China, Japanese society was not an exact copy
In 1192, one of the leading nobles emerged as the most powerful instead of overthrowing the emperor he was appointed “supreme military governor” known in Japanese as Shogun
For the next 600 years the Shogun was the real ruler of Japan

18. Japanese Feudalism Much like Middle Ages Europe
feudalism Japan’s feudal system
had levels
The Emperor was a figurehead
The Shogun was the true leader
Daimyo were the landowners
Samurai were the warriors, who
swore an oath to the Daimyo and followed Bushido, a strict code of honor

19. Yuan Dynasty
Chinggis Khan’s grandson, Kublai Khan was born a Mongolian, but was fascinated with Chinese culture, traditions and art
He became emperor in 1260
In 1279, he united northern
and southern China under
his rule
He claimed mandate of
Heaven in ruling China
Under his successors Mongol
rule extended into Persia,
Russia, Iraq, and the rest of
China
Under “Pax Mongolia” people
could safely trade from one end of
the empire to the other

20. Marco Polo
Marco Polo, was a merchant from Venice who journey along the Silk Road and visited China in the 1270s
He was very impressed by Kublai Khan’s court

22. Mongol Influence on Russia
By the 13th Century, Mongol had conquered most of Russia and controlled it for the next 200 years
During this time Moscow and its surrounding territories became Russia’s strongest state
The Muscovites eventually rebelled against the Mongols
In 1480, Ivan the Great
declared Muscovy’s
independence from the
Mongols and proclaimed
himself Tsar

23. Ming Dynasty ( )
Despite their achievements, the Mongols remained unpopular in China
In 1368, the Mongols were overthrown by a Chinese Monk, who established the Ming Dynasty
Under the Ming Dynasty, China enjoyed 300 years of peace and prosperity
The empire was expanded to include Korea, Burma, and Vietnam

24. Forbidden City
The Ming constructed an immense imperial palace in Beijing, known as the Forbidden City
Under the Ming society consisted of two classes:
Peasants – people barely earning a living and illiterate
Scholar-Gentry – they valued education and owned the land on which the peasants worked
Civil service examinations were restored for scholar- gentry’s children, which focused on Confucian teachings

25. Ming Dynasty Trade In the cities, other classes
consisted of merchants and
craftsmen
Craftsmen excelled at printing, producing silk, and porcelain
The emperor sponsored several great naval expeditions to spread the news of China’s great wealth and power
Zheng He sailed to the coasts of India and Arabia, but in the 1430s he was ordered to end these voyages, it was believed China was in perfect balance as it was and change would be harmful