1. How is the Periodic Table arranged?
Warm Up 9/19
How is the Periodic Table arranged?

2. Atoms, Molecules, & Compounds!

3. Matter is divided into 4 groups
*ELEMENTS
*COMPOUNDS
*MIXTURES
*SOLUTIONS

4. ELEMENT
One of more than 100 basic kinds of matter that cannot be broken into smaller pieces through physical or chemical processes.

5. Periodic Table Families & Identifying

6. Learning Scale – I can …
Differentiate between the various groups on the periodic table. Describe the various groups on the periodic table. Use the periodic table to determine the number of protons, neutrons, or electrons. Identify patterns on the periodic table.

7. Development of the Periodic Table
In 1869, Dmitri Mendeleev noticed that patterns appeared when he arranged the elements in order of increasing atomic mass.
In 1913, Henry Moseley rearranged the periodic table according to atomic number.

8. Organization of the Table of Elements
Horizontal rows are called periods.
Vertical columns are called groups.
Atomic Mass= # of protons and neutrons
Atomic Number = # of protons (or # of electrons)

9. Families on the Periodic Table
Elements on the periodic table can be grouped into families bases on their chemical properties.
Each family has a specific name to differentiate it from the other families in the periodic table.
Elements in each family
react differently with
other elements.

10. Characteristics of Metals
Luster (shiny)
Ductility (ability to be pulled into thin wires)
Malleability (ability to be hammered)
Conductor
Almost all are solid at room temperature

11. Characteristics of Nonmetals
Many are gases at room temperature.
Solids are brittle
No luster (dull)
Good insulators

12. Characteristics of Metalloids
Properties of both metals and nonmetals
Semiconductor – conducts electricity at high temperatures, but not at low temperatures.

13. Compare and contrast metals and nonmetals.
Discussion
Compare and contrast metals and nonmetals.

14. ALKALI METALS Group 1 Hydrogen is not a member Soft and silvery metals
Very reactive, esp. with water
Conduct electricity
1 Valence electron
Color this group color 1

15. ALKALINE EARTH METALS Group 2 White and malleable
Reactive, but less than Alkali metals
Conduct electricity
2 Valence electrons
Color this group color 2

16. TRANSITION METALS Groups in the middle (3-12)
Good conductors of heat and electricity.
Color this group color 3

17. BORON FAMILY Group 13 3 Valence electrons Most are metals
Color this group color 4

18. CARBON FAMILY Group 14 4 Valence electrons
Contains metals, metalloids, and a non-metal
Color this group color 5

19. NITROGEN FAMILY Group 15 5 Valence Electrons
Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metals
Color this group color 6

20. OXYGEN FAMILY Group 16 6 Valence electrons
Contains metals, metalloids, and non-metals
Reactive
Color this group color 7

21. Halogens Group 17 7 Valence electrons All are non-metals
Very reactive -react with metals to form salt
often bonds with Group 1
Color this group color 8

22. Noble Gases Group 18 Gases Non-metals
8 Valence electrons = Full (except He = 2)
Not reactive with other elements
Color this group color 9

23. Rare Earth Metals Lanthanides & Actinides Some are Radioactive
The rare earths are silver, silvery-white, or gray metals.
Conduct electricity
Color this group color 10
Rare Earth Metals

24. During the lesson, use the “Elements on the Periodic Table Notes” to record your information.
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should give each student a copy of the notes sheet to record important information during the lesson

25. What is the Periodic Table?
It represents our understanding of the structure and usefulness of the atoms that have been identified in our environment
Elements are organized on the Periodic Table based on similar properties
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide while the students record important information on their notes
Picture from

26. The Periodic Table contains over 100 different Elements
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the information on the slide

27. What do the numbers and Letters mean?
Instructional Approach(s): Transition slide leading to the answers on the next slide

28. O Oxygen Periodic Table 8 Elements Name Atomic Mass/Weight: 16
Atomic Number:
Number of protons and it is also the number of electrons in an atom of an element. 8 O
Element’s Symbol: An abbreviation for the element.
Oxygen
Elements Name
Atomic Mass/Weight:
Number of protons + neutrons. 16
Created by G.Baker

29. The Atomic Mass Increases
What do you notice about the Atomic Number of Elements as you move Left to Right and Up to Down on the Periodic Table of Elements?
The Atomic Mass Increases
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should pose the question to the class. The teacher can call on students or ask for volunteers to answer the question. When ready, the teacher can click the mouse to show the answer

30. So how is the Periodic Table arranged?
The Periodic Table is organized like a big grid.
The properties of an element can be predicted from its location in the Periodic Table
There are rows (left to right) and columns (up and down). Each row and column mean something different.
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the animated slide while the students record the important information on their notes.

31. Complete #13 on your Notes Sheet
The Periodic Table can also be divided into three main types of Elements: Metals, Metalloids, and Nonmetals
Complete #13 on your Notes Sheet
Instructional Approach(s): The teacher should present the animated slide while the students record the important information on their notes.

32. Matter is anything that takes up space and has mass.
All matter is made of atoms
Atoms are the building blocks of matter, sort of how bricks are the building blocks of houses.
Created by G.Baker

33. An atom refresher An atom has three parts: Proton = positive
Neutron = no charge
Electron = negative
The proton & neutron are found in the center of the atom, a place called the nucleus.
The electrons orbit the nucleus.
Created by G.Baker

34. What are elements?
Elements are the alphabet to the language of molecules.
To make molecules, you must have elements.
Elements are made of atoms. While the atoms may have different weights and organization, they are all built in the same way.
Information & picture from Chem4kids at
Created by G.Baker

35. More about Elements.. Elements are the building blocks of all matter.
The periodic table is a list of all of the elements that can build matter. It’s a little like the alphabet of chemistry.
The periodic table tells us several things…
Created by G.Baker

36. Atomic Structure
Atoms have a nucleus that contains Protons and Neutrons
Electrons are contained in shells that surround the nucleus
An atom is made of mostly empty space
Protons have a positive charge
Electrons have a negative charge
Neutrons are Neutral

37. Atom Models
There are two models of the atoms; however, we will be using the Bohr Model
Created by G.Baker

38. ATOM
The smallest particle of an element with the same properties of the element.

39. MOLECULE
The smallest part of a substance made from more than one atom that still has the properties of that substance

40. COMPOUND
A kind of matter made of a chemical combination of two or more elements.
Every compound has a formula that shows how many atoms of each element are in the compound.
For example, H2O

41. Let’s Build Some Molecules And Compounds!

42. Element
Symbol
Color of
Gummy
Hydrogen
Carbon
Oxygen
Silicon
Nitrogen

43. Let's start with a couple of Molecules
Hydrogen Gas H2
Oxygen Gas O2

44. Now for some compounds Methane CH4 Silicon Dioxide SiO2 Ammonia NH3
Propane C3H8

45. Let's see how changing the amount of one element makes a difference
Carbon Monoxide CO
Carbon Dioxide
CO2

46. Carbon monoxide CO A deadly, colorless, odorless, poisonous gas
Carbon Dioxide CO2
a gas that is produced when people and animals breathe out or when certain fuels are burned and that is used by plants for energy
When frozen, it becomes a solid called Dry Ice.
What happens when
Dry Ice “melts”?