Download presentation
Presentation is loading. Please wait.
1
The Classification of Matter
2
Matter is described as “anything that takes up space and has mass.”
3
Organization of Matter
Pure substances Mixtures
4
Only one kind of particle
Division of Matter Mixtures Pure Substances Two or more pure substances physically placed together, not chemically joined Only one kind of particle
5
physical combinations of pure substances
Mixtures physical combinations of pure substances
6
Mixtures Since a mixture is only a physical combination of different atoms, it is NOT a pure substance.
7
Mixtures Heterogeneous Homogeneous
Different kinds of particles are visible. Different kinds of particles are not visible. Example: sand and rocks Example: salt water
8
another name for a homogeneous mixture
solution another name for a homogeneous mixture
9
Solution vs. Pure Substance
A pure substance has a fixed composition. A mixture has a variable composition.
10
Only one kind of particle
Pure Substances Only one kind of particle Elements Compounds
11
Elements Substances that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means
12
The smallest “piece” of an element that is still the element
Atom The smallest “piece” of an element that is still the element Made up of subatomic particles: protons, neutrons, and electrons
13
Question What is the smallest piece of an element that is still that element? Hydrogen Symbol Atom Mixture Pure substance Atom - Clipart.com Item #
14
Naturally occur in 3 categories
Elements Naturally occur in 3 categories Monatomic He Diatomic Polyatomic O2, H2 S8 Molecules
15
Berzelius’s System Chemical Symbol
One or two letters represent the name of an element. The 1st letter is always uppercase. The 2nd letter is always lowercase.
16
Question What is true about the symbols that stand for an element?
They use Greek letters. The 1st letter is never capitalized. The 2nd letter is never capitalized. Berzwali invented this system. Atom - Clipart.com Item #
17
Molecules Two or more atoms that are chemically bonded together Can be atoms of the same element chemically bonded together Can be atoms of different elements chemically bonded together
18
Question Atoms are related to elements as molecules are related to ______. bonds particles mixtures compounds symbols Atom - Clipart.com Item #
19
Compounds Molecules from two or more different elements that have been chemically bonded together
20
Only one kind of particle
Pure Substances Only one kind of particle Elements Compounds
21
Compounds Can be expressed by a “formula” which tells the number of atoms of each element present
22
Compounds Can be expressed by a “formula” which tells the number of atoms of each element present Example: H2 O 2 hydrogen atoms 1 oxygen atom
23
Compounds Formula Tells the type and number of atoms that are present in one molecule of a compound Example: Fe2O3 Subscripts
24
Question Although an element can exist as atoms or molecules, a compound always exists as _________. atoms elements mixtures pure substances molecules Atom - Clipart.com Item #
25
Subscript A number that indicates the amount of atoms or groups of atoms in a formula
26
There are 22 hydrogen atoms.
Subscript C 12 H 22 O 11 There are 12 carbon atoms. There are 11 oxygen atoms. There are 22 hydrogen atoms.
27
Question What is the name for the number
in a formula which indicates how many atoms of each element are present? Coefficient Subscript Compound Mixture Atom - Clipart.com Item #
28
Coefficient A number in front of a formula which tells how many molecules or atoms are present
29
Coefficient Example: 5 Fe2O3 Coefficient Subscripts
30
Question What is the name for the number
that indicates how many molecules of a compound are present? Mixture Substance Subscript Coefficient Atom - Clipart.com Item #
31
Only one kind of particle
Division of Matter Mixtures Pure Substances Two or more pure substances physically placed together, not chemically joined Only one kind of particle
32
Question If a substance is not a pure substance, it is a _____.
mixture element compound molecule atom Atom - Clipart.com Item #
33
Mixtures Heterogeneous Homogeneous
Different kinds of particles are visible. Different kinds of particles are not visible. Example: sand and rocks Example: salt water
34
Only one kind of particle
Pure Substances Only one kind of particle Elements Compounds Cannot be broken into simpler substances by ordinary chemical means Molecules from two or more different elements that have been chemically bonded together
35
Classification of Matter
Elements H2 molecules O2 molecules Spartan Software, p. 30 of Chem. textbook
36
Classification of Matter
Compounds H2O molecules H2O2 molecules Spartan Software, p. 30 of Chem. textbook
37
Classification of Matter
Mixtures H2 and O2 molecules H2O and H2O2 molecules Spartan Software, p. 30 of Chem. textbook
Similar presentations
