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Complex Patterns of Inheritance
Section 10.3 & Chapter 11
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Exceptions to Mendelian Genetics
Summary Exceptions to Mendelian Genetics Polygenic Incomplete Dominance Co-Dominance Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy Gene linkage Sex-linked Traits OTHER Extension: Karyotype Pedigrees Patterns of inheritance Inferring genotype Non-disjunction - trisomy
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Where is this happening again?
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Complete Dominance
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Different?
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Multiple Alleles
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glycoproteins = antigens
A B – Codominance / multiple alleles I or i = do not make A or B A, B > i dominance A=B Codominant Rh Factor = + or - ….another glycoprotein – present or absent Genotypes (6) = Phenotypes (4) AA, Ai = A BB Bi = B AB = AB ii = O
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Universal receptor (+)
Universal donor ( O -)
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Poly-genic Traits
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Pleiotropy occurs when one gene influences two or more seemingly unrelated phenotypic traits. Consequently, a mutation in a pleiotropicgene may have an effect on some or all traits simultaneously. Anexample is phenylketonuria, a human disease that affects multiple systems but is caused by one gene defect. Pleiotropy: Cystic fibrosis is a good of example of pleiotropy, where a mutation in a single gene affects multiple systems in this case the lungs, pancreas, and sweat glands
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Compare and Contrast
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Exceptions to Mendelian Genetics
Summary Exceptions to Mendelian Genetics Polygenic Incomplete Dominance Co-Dominance Multiple Alleles Pleiotropy Gene linkage Sex-linked Traits OTHER Extension: Karyotype Pedigrees Patterns of inheritance Inferring genotype Non-disjunction - trisomy
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BIO SmartStarter – 11/20/15 Xb - Color Blind XB – not Color Blind
1. Make a Punnett square for the cross illustrated here. 2. What are the genotypic and phenotypic ratios (probabilities) for the offspring?
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