1. Mr. Wingo’s Middle School Science
The Scientific Method
Mr. Wingo’s Middle School Science

2. The Scientific Method
A method of research in which a problem is identified, relevant data are gathered, a hypothesis is formulated from these data, and the hypothesis is empirically tested.
Dictionary.com

3. State the Question
The Question you start with will often be modified based upon the research you conduct!!

4. Collect Information
Research The most IMPORTANT step of the scientific method. The most NEGLECTED step of the scientific method.

5. Form a Hypothesis
A statement that explains or makes generalizations about a set of facts or principles, usually forming a basis for possible experiments to confirm its viability. Must Be Testable!

6. Test the Hypothesis
The Experiment All experiments must have 3 types variables Independent Variable Dependent Variable Controlled Variables

7. Independent Variable
The Variable that is intentionally changed, or Manipulated, to observe its effect on the dependent variable.

8. Dependent Variable
The event studied and expected to change when the independent variable is changed. The variable that responds to the independent variable. If there is no response, then there is no experiment. Plotted on the Y axis

9. Controlled Variables
All other variables in an experiment. The group used as a constant and unchanging part of the experiment. The standard for comparison in scientific experimentation.

10. Record and Analyze Data
Keep Accurate Records (Data Table) The Same Way Every Time Keep A Log Book Graph Your Results

11. Line Graph Bar Graph Circle Graph
Types of Graphs
Line Graph Bar Graph Circle Graph

12. Line Graph
Used to display a change over time. Linear Graph- Straight diagonal line. Shows for every change in Y, there is an equal change in X. Nonlinear Graph- Demonstrates that the changes are directly related, but not equal. No Pattern- Y and X are unrelated.

13. Example of a Line Graph

14. Bar Graph
Shows comparisons among categories. Can be arranged horizontally or vertically.

15. Example of a Bar Graph

16. Pie Chart Used to show percentages of a whole
Circle Graph
Pie Chart Used to show percentages of a whole

17. Example of a Circle Graph

18. Conclusion
What was learned from the experiment Right and Wrong not important