1. Sleep deprivation Chapter 5
The effects of total and partial sleep deprivation:
– loss of REM and NREM sleep
– sleep recovery patterns including amount of sleep required, REM rebound and microsleeps
– sleep-wake cycle shifts during adolescence compared with child and adult sleep including ddelayed onset of sleep and need for sleep
Study Design 2016
Chapter 5

2. Age and sleep

3. % of sleep changes with age
LIFESPAN
STAGES
1 & 2 (%)
3 & 4 (%)
REM
(%)
Infants
10-30
30-40
40-50
Children
40-60
20-30
Adults
45-60
15-25
Elderly
50-80
5-15

4. Complete the following table:
What are the age groups of
How many hours of sleep a day do the following age groups need on average?
% of sleep in NREM
% of sleep in REM
Children
3-4 year olds
5-10 year olds
Adolescents
14-18 year
olds
Adults
19-30 year olds
31-45 year olds
From the previous slides answer the following questions:

5. The adolescent sleep cycle
Research looking into teenager’s sleep cycle around the world has found that:
No matter where teenagers live, people tend to become “night owls” during their teenage years
Teenagers need more sleep than adults to function (9-10 hours)
The teenage sleep/wake cycle pattern shifts towards the evening (delayed phase)
This shift in sleep pattern is biological

6. The adolescent sleep cycle
In other words….
There is a delay in onset of sleep (going to sleep later)
It takes longer for a teenager to wind down
The adolescent sleep/ wake cycle only occurs during teenage years
Shifts back to an adult pattern at 19.5 years in females and 21 years in males
Most adults need 8 hours sleep
Reasons for not getting enough sleep include:
School -Homework -Electronic devices
Part time jobs -School activities -Family commitments
Television -Playing sport late at night

7. The adolescent sleep cycle
Hormones that are released during the sleep/wake cycle are melatonin at night (including sleepiness) and cortisol in the day (encouraging alertness) are often delayed for up to two hours
A common bedtime of 9:30pm-10:00pm is pushed back by two hours
A sleep time of 11am to 7am, (Mon-Fri) will leave a teenager at least one hour short of sleep and in a sleep debt of at least 5 hours

8. Class activity!
Go to p150 in your text book and complete Investigate 5.4

9. (Q1)
Preferred wake up time in the morning
Scores for each answer:
A= 1
B=2
C=3
D=4
(Q3)
Level of difficulty to fall asleep
(Q5)
Time taken to wake up in the morning
P1) 1
P2)3
P3) 2
P4) 2
P5) 4
P6) 3
P7) 4
P8)4
P9) 3
P10) 4
P11) 1
P12) 1
P13) 3
P14) 4
P15) 1
P16) 4
P17) 4
P18) 4
P19) 1
P20) 4
P21) 2
P22)
P23)
P24)
P25)
P1) 4
P6) 1
P7) 3 P8)2
P9) 1 P10) 2
P11) 2 P12) 1
P13) 1
P14) 2
P15) 2
P16) 2
P17) 2
P18) 2
P19) 2
P20) 2
P21) 4
P3) 1
P4) 1
P7) 3
P8)3
P9) 1 P10) 3
P11) 2
P13) 4
P16) 3
P21) 1

10. Tasks Complete research methods template “Are you an owl or a Lark?”
Read pages and complete Review 5.3 p153