1. PSYCHOSES

2. Drugs for Psychoses Conventional (Typical) Antipsychotics
Phenothiazines
Chlorpromazine
Non-phenothiazines
Haloperidol (Haldol)
Atypical Antipsychotics
Risperidone (Risperdal)

3. Psychosis Severe mental and behavioral disorders characterized by:
Delusions
Hallucinations
Illusions
Paranoia

4. Etiology of Schizophrenia
Acute episode – occur over hours or days
Chronic episode – develop over months or years
Genetic
Neurological
Environmental

5. Schizophrenia Abnormal thoughts and thought processes
Disordered communication
Withdrawal from other people and outside environment
Severe depression

6. Schizophrenia POSITIVE NEGATIVE Normal behavior, but include:
Hallucinations
Delusions
Disorganized thought or speech pattern
Subtract from normal behavior, and include lack of:
Interest
Motivation
Responsiveness
Pleasure

7. Importance of Drug Compliance
Goal is to reduce psychotic symptoms so patients have ability to self-care and interact with people
Drugs do not cure mental illness
Patients must continue drug regimen to remain in remission

8. Extrapyramidal Effects
Lip smacking
Spasm of face, tongue, back muscles
Facial grimacing
Involuntary upward eye movements
Jerking motions
Extreme restlessness
Stooped posture
Shuffling gait
Tremors at rest

9. Nurse’s Role Obtain health history (long-term physical problems)
Obtain drug history (use of illegal drugs, alcohol, etc.)
Give client drug education

10. Nurse’s Role Obtain health history (long-term physical problems)
Obtain drug history (use of illegal drugs, alcohol, etc.)
Give client drug education

11. Pharmacologic Management of Psychosis
Conventional antipsychotics (1st generation)
Phenothiazines (Thorazine)
Conventional nonphenothiazine antipsychotics
Nonphenothiazines (Haldol)
Atypical antipsychotics (2nd generation)
Risperdal

12. Protoytpe Drugs Chlorpromazine Hydrochloride (Thorazine)
Haloperidol (Haldol)
Risperidone (Risperdal)