1. The Civil Rights Movement

2. Integration/Desegregation
_____________ Truman integrates US military (1948)
Executive Order 9981
January 1948: President Truman decides to end segregation in the armed forces and the civil service through administrative action (executive order) rather than through legislation.

4. 2. _______________ - 1st African American pro baseball player
Jackie Robinson

5. Brown v Board of Education Central High School in Little Rock, AR
3. _____________________________ = claimed separate facilities were inherently unequal
_____________________________
Governor calls National Guard to block black students’ entry
______________: President sends troops to escort 9 black students
Brown v Board of Education
Central High School in Little Rock, AR
Little Rock 9

6. Little Rock 9

7. Central High School, Little Rock

8. Protestors at CHS, Little Rock

9. Protestors at CHS, Little Rock

10. To honor the memory of Kennedy
4. __________________: bans/outlaws segregation in US schools and public places = end to segregation
a. Pushed through Congress by President Johnson “__________________________”
Civil Rights Act of 1964
To honor the memory of Kennedy
“No eulogy could more eloquently honor President Kennedy’s memory, [than the] earliest passage of the civil rights bill for which he fought so long.”

11. 5. ________________: outlaws literacy tests needed to register to vote
Bans Jim Crow laws
_______________: over 1,000 college students help register blacks in Mississippi
Voting Rights Act of 1965
Freedom Summer

12. Civil Rights Groups

13. Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Civil Rights Groups
_______________________________________ (SCLC): non-violent protest group that advocated civil rights
________________ = leader
March on Birmingham
Police attack crowd with fire hoses and dogs
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Martin Luther King

15. Southern Christian Leadership Conference Letter from a Birmingham Jail
Civil Rights Groups
_______________________________________ (SCLC): non-violent protest group that advocated civil rights
________________ = leader
March on Birmingham
Police attack crowd with fire hoses and dogs
___________________________ : letter that supports civil disobedience tactics (i.e., non-violent protests to gain equal rights for African Americans)
March on Washington - 200,000 people protest for “jobs, justice, and peace”
i.___________________________ future where races co-exist in harmony
Southern Christian Leadership Conference
Martin Luther King
Letter from a Birmingham Jail
I have a Dream Speech

16. Letter from a Birmingham Jail

18. 2. SNCC ___________________________
Amendment = Supreme Court bans bus segregation
___________ … decide to “test”  riots
MLK’s assassination makes people question effectiveness of non-violence (i.e., methods)
SNCC  ____________________________
Advocate violence to resist oppression
_____________ movement seeking unity and self reliance of black community
Student Nonviolent Coordinating Committee
Freedom Rides
Student National Coordinating Committee
Black Power

20. Compare and contrast the Paul and Silas story with the plight of civil rights workers. Explain the similarities and differences.
Why are freedom songs effective? Explain your answer.
How does this excerpt from “Letter from a Birmingham Jail” aim to convince white ministers to gain a sense of urgency?