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“If I Fail” by Tupac If in my quest 2 achieve my goals I stumble or crumble and lose my soul Those that knew me would easily co-sign There was never.

Published byFelix Gregory Modified over 6 years ago

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Presentation on theme: "“If I Fail” by Tupac If in my quest 2 achieve my goals I stumble or crumble and lose my soul Those that knew me would easily co-sign There was never."— Presentation transcript:

1 “If I Fail” by Tupac If in my quest 2 achieve my goals I stumble or crumble and lose my soul Those that knew me would easily co-sign There was never life as hard as mine No father-no money-no chance and no guide I only follow my voice inside if it guides me wrong and I do not win I'll learn from mistakes and try 2 achieve again.

2 Catalyst What are the four macromolecules and their function?
Use the top of the note sheet!!

3 How do enzymes maintain homeostasis within the human body?
Essential Question How do enzymes maintain homeostasis within the human body?

4 Chemical Reactions

5 Chemical reactions: change one substance to another
For Example: 2H2O2➝ 2H2O+O2

6 2H2O2 ➝ 2H2O+O2 A Chemical Journey Follow the arrow
Reactant(s) = Substrate(s): come BEFORE the arrow Product(s): come AFTER the arrow

7 Quick Practice 1. NH3 + HCl  NH4Cl 2. 2HCl + Zn  H2 + ZnCl2
Circle the substrate(s) Box the product(s) 1. NH3 + HCl  NH4Cl 2. 2HCl + Zn  H2 + ZnCl2 3. C6H12O6 + 6O2  6H2O + 6CO2 + Energy 4. 6H2O + 6CO2 + Sun  C6H12O6 + 6O2

8 Enzymes

9 Catalyst: something that speeds up a chemical reaction
Enzyme: proteins that speed up/help jump start reactions in an organism Therefore enzymes are catalysts because they speed up biochemical reactions We need enzymes for every process that happens in our bodies! e.g. Digesting food, replicating DNA

10 Enzymes (Notes) Substrate: the material that an enzyme binds to and breaks down Complex: enzyme and substrate together Active site: Where the enzyme and substrate bind together

11 Specificity (speh-sah-fi-ci-tee) activity

12 Say: Student 1: I am a specific enzyme (hold up piece)
Student 2: I am the specific substrate (hold up piece) Together: We bind together at the active site (put together pieces) to produce a product

13 Enzymes (Notes) Enzymes often end in -ase Lactase breaks down lactose
Amylase breaks down amylose Use your own first name to make up your personal enzyme breaks down substrate combination. Make sure to use -ase and -ose Write on your paper Ex: Jamalase breaks down Jamalose

14 Quick Check 1. What’s a substrate? 2. What do enzymes usually end in?
3. Is catalase an enzyme or a substrate? How do you know? 4. What do you predict is the substrate for the enzyme sucrase?

15 Enzyme Specificity Enzymes are reusable: meaning _________
Enzymes are specific: They only work with one substrate The enzyme and the substrate fit together like a lock and a key Enzymes are reusable: meaning _________ therefore the enzyme is not changed during a reaction The substrate is changed, it becomes the product(s)

16 Why does some food dissolve in my mouth, but other macromolecules do not????

17 Enzymes (Notes) enzyme substrate products lactose + H2O
lactase Label reactants & products. What is the enzyme? Where can we put it to show it doesn’t get used up? lactose + H2O glucose + galactose substrate products

18 How do enzymes speed up chemical reactions?
Enzymes DECREASE the amount of activation energy required for a chemical reaction to occur. Activation energy: is the amount of energy required for reactant molecules to begin a chemical reaction

19 Reaction without Enzyme
Activation Energy Reaction without Enzyme Reaction with Enzyme Reactions without an enzyme: require more energy to start Reactions with an enzyme: require less energy to start

20 Factors That Influence Enzyme Rates
The rate at which an enzyme functions is affected by 1. amount of substrate 2. Temperature 3. pH pH: Measurement of how acidic (0-7) or Basic (7-14) a solution pH = 7 is neutral

21 Most enzymes have an optimal temperature and pH
The optimal temperature and pH is the temperature and pH at which the enzyme works the best

22 Destroying Enzymes Notes
Denature: enzyme changes shape so that it no longer works properly Destroying Enzymes Notes An enzyme’s job is determined by its SHAPE Enzymes are denatured by high temperatures and low pHs.

23

24 Enzyme failure or destruction can result in disease or death

25 EXIT TICKET

26 What are proteins that speed up chemical reactions called?
Question 1 What are proteins that speed up chemical reactions called? A. Amino acids B. Reactants C. Enzymes D. Substrates

27 Question 2 What is a substrate? A. The compound that is before the arrow in a chemical reaction B. Another name for an enzyme C. The material that an enzyme binds to D. The term used to describe the structure formed after an enzyme binds with a complex

28 How do enzymes affect the activation energy of a chemical reaction?
Question 3 How do enzymes affect the activation energy of a chemical reaction? A. Enzymes increase the activation energy needed for a reaction to start B. Enzymes decrease the activation energy needed for a reaction to start C. Enzymes do not alter activation energy of chemical reactions D. Enzymes initially decrease activation energy than increase it

29 Which of the following statements best describes enzymes?
Question 4 Which of the following statements best describes enzymes? A. enzymes cannot be reused after a reaction B. Enzymes are organic catalysts C. Enzymes slow down chemical reactions D. Enzymes can bind to any substrate

30 An enzymes job is determined by its what?
Question 5 An enzymes job is determined by its what? A. size B. shape C. color D. Activation energy

31 Answers

32 What are proteins that speed up chemical reactions called?
Question 1 What are proteins that speed up chemical reactions called? A. Amino acids B. Reactants C. Enzymes D. Substrates

33 Question 2 What is a substrate? A. The compound that is before the arrow in a chemical reaction B. Another name for an enzyme C. The material that an enzyme binds to D. The term used to describe the structure formed after an enzyme binds with a complex

34 How do enzymes affect the activation energy of a chemical reaction?
Question 3 How do enzymes affect the activation energy of a chemical reaction? A. Enzymes increase the activation energy needed for a reaction to start B. Enzymes decrease the activation energy needed for a reaction to start C. Enzymes do not alter activation energy of chemical reactions D. Enzymes initially decrease activation energy than increase it

35 Which of the following statements best describes enzymes?
Question 4 Which of the following statements best describes enzymes? A. enzymes cannot be reused after a reaction B. Enzymes are organic catalysts C. Enzymes slow down chemical reactions D. Enzymes can bind to any substrate

36 An enzymes job is determined by its what?
Question 5 An enzymes job is determined by its what? A. size B. shape C. color D. Activation energy

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