1. In Search of the Killer App: The Internet2 Experience
Douglas E. Van Houweling
President & CEO
24 April 2003

2. Disruptive Innovation, Higher Education, IBM & the Internet
NSFNet -> Internet2
NSFNet/Merit partnership – NSF, IBM, MCI, Michigan
IBM Research designed and built the core routers – by 1993 had the best technology in the world
IBM also sold a proprietary network – SNA
November 1993 Westfields meeting
Introduce Lou Gerstner to the higher ed community
NSFNet panel
IBM decision not to productize Internet routers
Cisco did not have a backbone networking product
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3. Internet2 Mission
Develop and deploy advanced network applications and technologies, accelerating the creation of tomorrow’s Internet.
This is the Internet2 mission.
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4. Internet2 Goals Enable new generation of applications
Re-create leading edge R&E network capability
Transfer technology and experience to the global production Internet
These are the three primary goals of Internet2.
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5. Internet2 Partnerships
Internet2 is recreating the partnerships that fostered the Internet in its infancy
Industry
Government
International
Partnerships are the foundation of how the Internet developed and they are also a part of the foundation of Internet2.
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6. Internet2 Universities 202 University Members, April 2003
This is the latest map of Internet2 universities. Each Internet2 university commits to providing the high performance networking on their own campus, connecting to a high-performance backbone network, and supporting advanced applications development on their own campus.
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7. Additional Participation
Over 50 Internet2 Corporate Members
Over 30 Affiliate Members
Over 30 International Partners
There are also over a total of 70 corporate members (including corporate partners) in Internet2, and over 30 affiliate members.
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8. Internet Development Spiral
Commercialization
Privatization
Today’s Internet
This spiral represents one way of looking at the development of the Internet. As the Internet moved from a research project to a commercial service, a set of partnerships fostered its development. During this process, the Internet grew in a number of ways: size, complexity, bandwidth, etc. Internet2 is forming the partnerships needed for technologies in a second cycle of innovation make their way into the commercial Internet.
Internet2
Research and
Development
Partnerships
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Source: Ivan Moura Campos

9. Download of “The Matrix” DVD (Comparison of the Internet2 Land Speed Record)
Pessimists may see this as their intellectual property being pirated. Optimists see new models and opportunities for content distribution.
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10. Abilene Network Backbone Core Map, March 2003
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11. Beyond Broadband

12. What is Advanced Broadband?
Multi-megabit in both directions
Well beyond today’s 300 kbps
Always on and always available
Home, work, traveling
Services rich
Multicast, IPv6, measurement & monitoring
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13. Advanced Broadband in Action

14. Advanced Broadband in Action
Education
Large Companies
Small and Medium Enterprises
The Home
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15. Education: Media Distribution
University-owned PBS stations working on new models of interconnection
University of Washington
Washington State University
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16. Education: Media Distribution
USC’s Robert Zemeckis Center for the Digital Arts
Super high definition video across Internet2
The highest resolutions (four times HDTV) critical for viewing astronomical information, medical imagery, etc.
NTT, UIC, USC
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17. Education: Collaboration
Space Physics and Aeronomy Research Collaboratory
“Better than being there”
Enriches education of next generation of scientists
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18. Education: K-20 Neptune: A planned “ocean observatory”
OVERVIEW: NEPTUNE is an international, multi-institutional project that is part of a worldwide effort to develop regional, coastal, and global ocean observatories. NEPTUNE's 3,000-km network of fiber-optic/power cables will encircle and cross the seafloor of the Juan de Fuca tectonic plate in the northeast Pacific Ocean. A series of experimental sites will be equipped with a variety of instruments to collect data from the tops of the waves to below the seafloor. Hardwired to high-bandwidth telecommunications networks (Canada's CA*net3 and the U.S. Internet2), NEPTUNE will extend the Internet to the seafloor and ocean; real-time data will flow to land-based laboratories, classrooms, and science exhibits around the world; commands to instruments will flow from shore to ocean. Remotely operated and autonomous underwater vehicles will reside at depth, recharge at nodes on the cable, and offer command and control capabilities to remote users. AUDIENCES: NEPTUNE will be used and will reach a wide variety of audiences around the world, including Earth and ocean scientists, university students, K-12 students, informal science learners, and decision makers.
EXAMPLE OF APPLICATIONS IN EDUCATION Through advanced networks, live video images from the seafloor and ocean can be streamed into a classroom or exhibit space and turned into a 3D virtual-reality world of the seafloor and the ocean space above it.Teachers will be able to take students on a virtual "field trip" to spaces they could never have explored before. Remotely operated video camera"eyes" will be used to observe the environment, thermometers to "feel" the temperature of the water, and robot samplers to collect and analyze extremophiles, the heat- and chemical-loving microbes that live at undersea volcanic vents. Collaborative applications will allow a"scientist in residence" to guide the observations and experiments without ever leaving the laboratory. Students will be able to move through time as well as space, calling upon NEPTUNE's data archives, which will serve as a rich and lasting resource for exploration of the oceans for many types of users and communities.
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19. Education: Health Care Simulations
California Orthopaedic Research Network
Expanding nationally and internationally
Focused on training
Reference haptics here.
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20. Real-time Collaboration
You can be everywhere no matter how large or small your enterprise
Duke University
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21. Corporations: Data Mining
Knowledge-
bases
Getting data from disparate sources
Real-time and interactive
Increase the information flow from customer experiences
Instruments
Grid
Computing
Reference grid computing here. (E.g., Mike Nelson’s slides)
Data sets
People
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22. Corporations: Strategic Advantage
Increased productivity
Real-time analysis, discovery, dialogue
Enabling new business processes
Not just “doing things faster”
Strengthen partnerships with universities
Leverage and scale global capacity
Here give the drug company example: “discovery conferences” are now held quarterly. With Internet2-style networks building capability to hold a global conference on-demand (and not wait until the next quarter’s conference to share research). Result is improved time to market. A week can mean millions of dollars in revenue.
“Strengthen partnerships with and sponsorship of universities” is a Johnson & Johnson quote.
Hewlett-Packard Laboratories has two projects underway and several that are ramping up over the next 6-12 months that depend on and take advantage of the unique capabilities that Internet2 provides for doing research. These projects include immersive telepresence and Access Grid nodes.
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23. Challenges: Infrastructures & Performance
100 mbps
Harvard
The need for infrastructure
End-to-End Performance --- realizing the benefit of the advanced infrastructure
HBS (Boston)
1 gbps
NoX GigaPoP
2.4 gbps
Abilene NYC Router
10 gbps
Abilene DC Router
10 gbps
Abilene Atlanta Router
622 mbps
Ampath GigaPoP
45 mbps
NWS (Miami)
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24. Challenge Cyberinfrastructure built on federated enterprises
Security
Privacy
Trust
Answer: Middleware
Industry consensus through alliances
Internet2 providing key technology in security and privacy space
We have an enterprise centric view of the world, with the enterprise providing basic authentication, authorization and attributes for its users and with the enterprise brokering the release of that information to other enterprises within the federation on behalf of the user.
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25. Federated Enterprises
Federated trust, privacy, security
Enterprise A
Enterprise B
Enterprise C
Enterprise D
Imagine these enterprises being universities and their local digital libraries, or publishers sharing content with subscribers, or a collaboration among members of a supply chain.Enterprises can establish their own authentication approaches (passwords, public key, tokens, etc.). Like-minded enterprises (such as marketplace sectors) come together into federations. Note that this has been the basic paradigm for higher education in general, and for Internet technology as well. This federated administration approach is now gaining acceptance in the corporate sector as well, as the Liberty Alliance has shown.
By creating federated trust environments the end user benefits. He or she gets a more uniform view to networked resources. We can extend the value of enterprise single sign-on to a set of external partners within the federation. The user has local authentication which can then be used to be authenticated to remote resources through established trust federations. The user has control over his or her attributes, deciding which should be released. Authorization, for example, may be more appropriately based on your membership in a group (university faculty) than you as an individual having to share your personal information (name).
Local authentication
User attribute control
Universal access
----
Login Locally, Access Globally
User Interface
User
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26. Challenge: Building a System
Applications
End-to-end Performance
Motivate
Security
Middleware
Enable
The system we’re building, which encompasses technologies, users, and policy.
Services
Networks
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27. Challenge: Last Mile Vision: Gigabit to the home and small businesses
Why?
End user is the innovator
Personal publishing
Equal access for all
How?
Community investment
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28. Models Community fiber projects, Trends in customer-owned fiber
California: “One Gigabit or Bust”
UTOPIA (Utah Telecommunications Open Infrastructure Agancy) – FTTH project in Utah
Trends in customer-owned fiber
Corporate infrastructure
Higher education community
Also see the proposal, which wasn’t funded, at <
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29. Summary

30. Summary What should we be doing?
Living in the future, being early adopters
Cooperation in middleware
Facilitate knowledge and technology transfer
Where does the high performance Internet reside in the disruptive technology space?
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31. More Internet2 Information
On the Web
For more information about Internet2, please see these web sites, or contact directly by .
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