1. Change in Healthcare ideas

2. SAMPLE: Belief or Practice
Complete by memory
Partner needs to read the belief or practice and have other partner say
When the belief or practice started, why / its purpose
If they do not answer completely read them the information in the left column.
Then, have them use information from the timeline to disprove the faulty belief – must say the Era
SAMPLE: Belief or Practice
History – When started
Why Changed

3. Human Femur is curved Ancient Times Renaissance
Did not believe in dissection of the body.
Dissected on animals
Aristotle dissection animals
Church was against the dissection of human bodies
Until Renaissance relied of Greek physical Galen’s dissection information
After Galan's death almost no original anatomical inquiries were performed
Renaissance
Michelangelo & Leonardo da Vinci drew human body leading to a more true depiction of the human form
Started building universities and medical schools for research
Body dissection was performed and was accepted for study
Andreas Vesalius stole body of execute criminal and performed dissection

4. Sickness is caused by the gods
Ancient Times
Believed evil spirits were used punish anyone who angered the gods
They were superstitious, they believed in witch doctors
Strict diets to prevent diseases
Greek – diseases were spread by seeds in the air
Romans
Doctors keep room in their house for the ill
Built sewers to carry off waste
Aqueducts to bring in clean water
16th , 17th , and 18th
Microscope invented by Anton Von Leuwenhoek
Knowledge of the human body increased significantly.
Edward Jenner – vaccination for smallpox
19th Century
Germ theory purposed and accepted that microorganisms cause disease
Father of Microbiology” discovered many disease causing organisms
Louis Pasteur – discovered that microorganisms were everywhere and that they caused disease, he created pasteurization
 Joseph Lister was instrumental in developing practical applications of the germ theory of disease with respect to sanitation in medical settings 

5. Bloodletting as a treatment
Ancient Times
As a method to keep the body’s so-called four humors in balance
blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm –
Disease could also be the result of the "corruption" of one or more of the humors, which could be caused by environmental circumstances, dietary changes, or many other factors
Dark And Middle Ages
development of barber organizations
entrance into schools to learn the trade and a distinguishing symbol
the barber pole.
19th Century
Rise in popularity to use leeches for treatment
In areas considered too constricted or in patients too weak for the usual methods of bloodletting, leeches were considered useful. 
the procedure was used for cardiac problems
20th Century
Benjamin Rush - set off a fury when he began bleeding people dry 
1828, Pierre Charles Alexandre Louis was one of the first physicians to openly criticize bloodletting for the treatment of diseases
Conducted a study to assess the efficacy of bloodletting
More scientists began looking into the use of bloodletting which lead to the gradual diminish of the practice to a few select conditions
Research found
causes a dangerous drop in blood pressure and even cardiac arrest
people who are already sick take their chances with infection or anemia.
doesn’t cure what ails you.
21st century
In June 2004, the FDA cleared the first application for leeches to be used in modern medicine as medical devices.

6. Body is controlled by four Humors
Ancient Times
Hippocrates
humors—directly influences their temperament and health - blood, black bile, yellow bile, and phlegm
Disease could also be the result of the "corruption" of one or more of the humors, which could be caused by environmental circumstances, dietary changes, or many other factors
Anything that upset the equilibrium between these humours, such as a change in the weather, could lead to disease
Methods of treatment like bloodletting, emetics and purges were aimed at expelling a surfeit of a humor.
16th, 17th, 18th Century
William Harvey – described the circulation of blood and pumping of the heart
19th Century
Ignaz Semmelweiss – established that handwashing with chlorinated water was effective in protecting against the spread of disease
Louis Pasteur – discovered that microorganisms were everywhere and that they caused disease,

7. Removed or cut in brain to cure mentally ill
Dark and Middle Ages
Middle Ages, surgeons claimed they could cure madness by removing the “stone of folly or madness” from patients’ heads.
20th Century
severed fiber tracts connected to the frontal lobe, help patients overcome certain psychiatric problems, such as intractable depression and anxiety.
20th century
Patients get infection and germs from cuts in head and lead to other problems and death
Research into one doctors patients found that around a third benefited, a third were unaffected and a third were worse off afterwards
fell out of favour, partly because of poor results and partly because of the introduction of the first wave of effective psychiatric drugs.