1. INAUGURAL LECTURE: Owning and disowning invention Problems of knowledge, integrity and technology Professor Graeme J.N. Gooday, Centre for History & Philosophy of Science, Department of Philosophy

2. Owning and Disowning Invention: Intellectual Property, Authority and Identity in British Science and Technology, 1880-1920 AHRC funded collaborative research project 2007-10

3. Project team: Graeme Gooday & Stathis Arapostathis (Leeds) - history of electrical technology Greg Radick & Berris Charnley (Leeds) - history of plant breeding Christine MacLeod & Jon Hopwood-Lewis (Bristol) – history of aeronautics

4. William Thomson (Lord Kelvin) Mirror galvanometer

5. Silvanus Phillips Thompson Valve telephone c.1885.

6. Oliver Heaviside Heavisides elegant reformulation of Maxwells equations of electromagnetic propagation.

7. Oliver Lodge Lodges 1897 syntonic wireless system

8. Bells First US patent 174,465, Improvement in telegraphy, 1876

9. ? US Patent 240, 566 1930 Refrigerator with no moving parts and requiring no supply of electricity

10. US Patent 240, 566 1930 Refrigerator with no moving parts and requiring no supply of electricity

11. Henry Newman I consider, then, that I am chargeable with no paradox, when I speak of a Knowledge which is its own end, when I call it liberal knowledge, or a gentleman's knowledge, when I educate for it, and make it the scope of a University. Knowledge its Own End The Idea of a University (1858)

12. Statute of Monopolies of 1624 Section 6 declared unlawful all monopolies except… …that any declaration beforementioned shall not extend to any letters patents and grants of privilege for the term of fourteen years or under, hereafter to be made, of the sole working or making of any manner of new manufactures within this realm, to the true and first inventor and inventors of such manufactures

13. Sir Clifford Allbutts clinical thermometer

14. Oliver & Mary Lodge & their 12 children

15. Famous Inventors in telecommunications? The telephone – The filament light bulb – The radio –

16. Lewis Howard Latimer among the G.E. Experts team

17. Some inventors of the telephone before Bell… Antonio Meucci (1874)Phillipp Reis (1861)Elisha Gray (1876)

18. The tribulations of patents in early telecommunications Four short case studies

19. a) Thomson: Patentability & secrecy Philadelphia Exhibition 1876: Bell demonstrates articulating telephone (US patent March 7th) – Thomson witnesses

20. S.P.Thompsons New Telephone Company Times, Dec 21 1886 b) Thompson - The Master Patent The Bell Edison United Telephone Company versus

21. c) Heaviside - Philanthropic publication Heavisides condition of distortionless transmission Pupins patented loading coil

22. Lodges syntony vs Marconi monopolism

23. CONCLUSIONS Some lessons from the troubled past of academic patenting