1. Dichotomous Key

3. Look out for the special check mark to know which notes to write!
Look out for the special check mark to know which notes to write!
On a checked slide, write all notes, unless …
On a checked slide with lots of notes, just write underlined text!

4. System that groups organisms based on common features that they share
Classification
System that groups organisms based on common features that they share

5. Aristotle  First man to develop a system to classify organisms
2 kingdoms

6. He subdivided each kingdom
He subdivided each kingdom
Plant- based division on size
Herbs
Shrubs
Trees
Animals- based division on habitat
Air
Land
Sea

7. Animals: Air Land Sea ? ?

8. Carolus Linnaeus  Improved classification system
Based his grouping on physical features

9. Linnaeus =Universal name= Binomial Nomenclature
Linnaeus =Universal name= Binomial Nomenclature
All organisms are given a universal name
Used by all scientists
Helpful when many common names are used
Name is composed of 2 names
Genus name
Capitalized and comes first!
Species name
lower case and comes second
Both names are underlined
Example: Tolypeutes matacus – Three Banded Armadillo

10. Common names are misleading
Puma
Cougar
Mountain Lion
A seahorse is not a horse, but a fish.

11. Scientific name Myotis macrotarsus Cat Human
“Mouse-eared bat with big feet”
Cat
Genus name= Felis
Species name=
domesticus=house cat
sylvestris=wildcat
Human
Genus name=Homo
Species=sapien

12. Phylum: Chordata (flexible skeletal rod with accompanying nerves)
 Kingdom: Animalia (mobile critters; have many cells; can’t make their own food)
Phylum: Chordata (flexible skeletal rod with accompanying nerves)
Class: Chondrichthyes (‘fish’ with a cartilaginous skeleton)
Order: Lamniformes (‘Mackerel’ sharks)
Family: Lamnidae (‘Mackerel’ sharks)
Genus: Carcharodon (from the Greek carcharos meaning “ragged” or “pointed” and odon meaning “tooth”)
Species: carcharias (Greek for “shark”)

13. Modern classification system
Modern classification system
Uses Linnaeus system but adds:
comparison of body chemistry and development features
DNA sequence
Cytochrome C
Hemoglobin
Developmental stages
of embryos

14. Reclassified

15. Modern Classification System
Modern Classification System
Domain= Eubacteria
Kingdom=Eubacteria
Prokaryotic Bacteria
Domain=Archaea
Kingdom=Archaebacteria
Extreamophiles
Domain Eukarya
Contains 4 kingdoms
Kingdom=Protista
Kingdom=Fungi
Kingdom=Plant
Kingdom=Animal

16. Classification Groups =Taxa
Classification Groups =Taxa 
A Mnemonic Device:
Dear
King
Philip
Came
Over
For
Ginger
Snaps
Each division contains fewer organisms, but shares more features in common.

17. Classification Taxa  Domain is the largest Taxa
Domain contains one or more kingdoms
Domain
contain the most organisms
Each kingdom is then subdivided into:
Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species
Species
contain the fewest organisms but with the most physical features in common

18. Classification
Which two animals are most closely related?

19. Ways to Identify an Unknown ?
Ways to Identify an Unknown ?
Field Guides
Dichotomous Keys
Composed of statements with 2 opposite parts or categories.
Choose the statement that is true about an unknown organism.

20. Can you classify shoes based on their characteristics?
 Domain:
Kingdom:
Phylum:
Class:
Order:
Family:
Genus:
Species:
Shoe Classification
Can you classify shoes based on their characteristics?