1. Jefferson

2. Election of 1800 Adams v. Jefferson “Revolution” of 1800
Adams unpopular due to Alien and Sedition Acts
Jefferson and DRs viewed this as tyranny
Jefferson campaigned against national bank and taxed
Jefferson wins election with help of South
“Revolution” of 1800
Give power back to the states and people
Democratic Republican
First peaceful transition of power between political parties
Federalist Party Disappears

5. Who is Jefferson? Born in VA Graduated William and Mary College
A practicing lawyer
Member of the Virginia’s House of Burgesses
Father of the DoI
Secretary of State under Washington
VP under Adams
Owned 200 slaves

6. Jefferson in Office POTUS 1801-1812
Reduced size and influence of national gov’t
Paid off gov’t debt, cut spending, got rid of whiskey
Kept nat’l bank
Changed tax system
Made money by selling lands in the west
Reduced size of military
No standing army, relied on local militias
Removed laws on immigrants and citizenship
5 years of residence to become a citizen
Pardoned those convicted under Sedition Act

7. TJ’s Inaugural Address
Goals
Reach out to his political opponents
Heal the divide
DR v. Federalist Party
Strongly shows support for religion
“We are all Republicans; we are all Federalists…”

8. Simplifying the Presidency
Walked to his own inauguration
Wore work clothes when receiving visitors
Appealed to common people
Favored free trade over gov’t controlled tariffs
Federalists decline in Congress
New settlers in the west tended to vote DR
TN, KY
Represented farmers’ interests

10. Louisiana Purchase
Napoleon- leader of France following French Revolution
Persuaded King of Spain to give land owned in U.S. to him (1801)
Needed money to fight the British
Jefferson wanted to expand west
Constitution does not mention buying land
1803- the US buys Louisiana Territory from Napoleon
$15 million (3 cents per acre)
Double size of US
Began American dream of expanding westward

12. Lewis and Clark Jefferson – agrarian republic
Sends Meriwether Lewis and William Clark to explore new territory
Met Sacagawea, a Native American woman who became their guide and translator
Navigated rivers and ultimately reached Pacific Ocean
178 new species of plant life, 122 new species of animals

14. Internationals Tensions
France and Britain at war
American ships caught between Britain and France’s navy
Impressment = forcible enlistment of sailors
British impress US sailors from

15. The Supreme Court Federalist were influential in SCOTUS
Adams appointed John Marshall, a Federalist to be chief justice
Served on the court for more than 30 years
Rulings strengthened the national gov’t
Before Adams left office, he passed the Judiciary Act of 1801
Increased the number of federal judges to 16
“Midnight judges”- given jobs on the last day of his presidency
Packed the court with Federalists to keep their power

16. Marbury v. Madison
1803
William Marbury – one of the midnight judges didn’t receive his official papers to receive his court job
James Madison (Sec. of State) was supposed to deliver them
Marbury sued, stating the Judiciary Act of 1789 required the SCOTUS to deliver the papers

17. Judicial Review
Marshall decided this part of the Judiciary Act of 1789 was unconstitutional
Constitution did not empower the SCOTUS to issue orders
Established judicial review
The ability of the SCOTUS to declare an act of Congress unconstitutional
Strengthened judicial branch

20. Jefferson’s Mistake
Jefferson’s popularity soared after Louisiana Purchase
In 1807, the British began impressing American sailors into service
Seized more than 1,000 American ships and cargoes
Embargo Act of 1807
Ban on exporting products to other countries
Thought it would hurt Britain and force them to accept neutrality
Hurt American economy