1. Reading Strategies
English 9 Honors

2. Standard
ELA8R1 The student demonstrates comprehension and shows evidence of a
warranted and responsible explanation of a variety of literary and informational
texts.
For informational texts, the student reads and comprehends in order to develop understanding and expertise and produces evidence of reading that:
a. Analyzes and evaluates common textual features (e.g., paragraphs, topic sentences, concluding sentences, introduction, conclusion, footnotes, index, bibliography).
b. Applies, analyzes, and evaluates common organizational structures (e.g., graphic organizers, logical order, cause and effect relationships, comparison and contrast).
c. Recognizes and traces the development of an author’s argument, point of view, or perspective in text.
d. Understands and explains the use of a complex mechanical device by following technical directions.
e. Uses information from a variety of consumer, workplace, and public documents (e.g., job applications) to explain a situation or decision and to solve a problem.

3. Forms: Stories, plays, poems, memoirs, biographies, some nonfiction
Reading Literature
Forms: Stories, plays, poems, memoirs, biographies, some nonfiction
Purpose for reading: for pleasure, for increased understanding
Strategies for Reading:
Predict
Visualize
Connect
Question
Clarify
Evaluate

4. Reading for Information
Forms: newspapers, magazines, reference works, on-line information, textbooks
Purpose for reading: to be informed
Strategies for Reading:
Look for titles, subheadings, graphics, and other devices
Notice the organization of the text
Look for the connections to something you already know
Read, reread, and answer questions to increase your understanding

5. Critical Reading
Forms: newspaper editorials, advertisements, political ads, letters, opinion statements
Purpose for reading: to be informed, to make a decision
Strategies for Reading:
Find the main ideas
Evaluate the supporting details
Determine the author’s purpose
Decide how well the author achieved that purpose

6. Functional Reading
Forms: instruction manuals, applications, schedules, product information, technical directions, and others.
Purpose for reading: to make decisions and solve problems.
Strategies for Reading:
-Skim the whole piece.
-Read the information in the order presented.
-Look carefully at any drawings or pictures.
-Reread when the meaning is unclear.

7. Methods of Reading
When you read something for the first time, review material for a test, or search for specific information, you use a different methods of reading. The following techniques are useful with all kinds of reading materials.

8. Skimming
When you run your eyes quickly over a text, looking at the headings, graphic features, and highlighted words. Skimming is useful in previewing textbook material that you must read for an assignment.

9. Scanning
To find a specific piece of information in a text, such as the date of a battle, use scanning. Place a card under the first line of a page and move it down slowly. Look for key words and phrases.

10. In-Depth Reading
In-Depth reading involves asking questions, taking notes, looking for main ideas, and drawing conclusions as you read slowly and carefully. Use this type of reading for literary works and textbooks.

11. Patterns of Organization
Main Idea and Supporting Details
Chronological Order
Comparison and Contrast
Cause and Effect
Proposition and Support
Spatial Order

12. Main Idea and Supporting Details
The main idea of a paragraph or a longer piece of writing is its most important point.
Supporting details give more information about the main idea.
Look for:
explanations, facts, examples, statistics, quotations used as support
Supporting Detail
Supporting Detail
Signal
Words

13. now, before, next, first, second, then, after that
Chronological Order
Writing that is organized in chronological order presents events in the order in which they occur.
now, before, next, first, second, then, after that
Event 1
Event 2
Event 3
Event 4
Signal
Words

14. Comparison and Contrast
Subject Both Subject
Comparison and Contrast writing explains how two or more subjects are similar and how they are different.
Compare: similar, same, like, both, also
Contrast: unlike, but, however, on the contrary
Signal
Words

15. Cause and Effect
Cause and Effect writing explains the relationship between events. The cause is the first event. The effect happens as a result of the cause. A cause may have more than one effect, and an effect may have more than one cause. so, because, as a result, caused, resulted due to, that is why, for that reason, since, consequently
Effect
(Risk of cancer)
Cause
(Smoking)
Effect
(bad breath)
Signal
Words

16. Proposition and Support
A proposition, or a proposal, is a plan offered for acceptance. The need for a plan itself, and a description of how the plan would work are the usual parts of a proposal. Ex: Bell Schedule
Proposition or Proposal
Support
Support
Support

17. Spatial Order
Items are arranged according to their physical position or relationships.
just to the right; a little further on; to the south of Memphis; turning left on the pathway
Signal
Words