1. Models and Technological Design

2. Models

3. Models
Models help to make ideas, complicated systems, very small items, or large items easier to understand.
Models can be built, drawn, or designed on a computer, but all have limitations.

4. Models
Models help to make ideas, complicated systems, very small items, or large items easier to understand.

5. Types of Models
An architect's drawing and a small 3-dimensional building are both types of models
Why would a architect want a 3-D model?

6. Other types of models include:

7. Maps—Maps are models that show directions and distances
Maps—Maps are models that show directions and distances. Maps may also show physical features like landforms, roads, towns, and even buildings.

8. Globes—Globes can show the whole Earth without distorting or changing its shape.

9. Watershed Maps -Drawings of watersheds are models that help show the terrain of the area, like hills, ravines, crests, and valleys.

10. Dioramas—Dioramas help to represent an ecosystem in three dimensions.

11. Terrariums & Aquariums—Like dioramas, terrariums can be used to model ecosystems. But unlike dioramas, terrariums contain living organisms, such as plants and animals. They also contain soil, air, and moisture.

12. Concept maps—Concept maps are drawings, such as flowcharts, that can be used to show the relationships between ideas.

13. Computer Models—Computers can be used to model the positions and movements of objects in three dimensions. For example, a computer model could show how the planets in the solar system orbit the Sun.

14. Uses of Models
Some models show how something looks on a scale that is easy to see. A model of the solar system made using string and foam balls can show the relative positions of the Sun and planets in a form that is small enough to be seen easily.
Some models are used to demonstrate how something works. Using a water pump as a model of a human heart shows how the heart functions. This makes the idea of the circulatory system easy to understand. Models of systems should be appropriate and simple.
Models can also help to analyze and predict what will happen in the real system. A terrarium filled with plants and water creatures can be used as a small-scale model of an ecosystem. This ecosystem can be used to analyze and predict how the small organisms behave in their natural habitat. It can also be used to find out how organisms in the natural habitat will react to changes, such as when pollutants are added.

15. Models use Familiar Objects
Core
Mantle
Crust

16. Models have Limitations
smaller or larger
made of different materials
missing some parts or details

17. Technological Design Process
Technological designs help solve real-world problems. The technological design process is a systematic way to approach a technological design problem.

19. The technological design process involves several main steps:
Identifying a problem or need.
Researching the problem.
Developing possible solutions.
Choosing the best solution.
Creating a prototype or model.
Testing and evaluating the solution.
Communicating the solution.
Redesigning the technology.