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Chapter 11 Section 1
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Focus Question How did the social structure change during the second phase of the industrial revolution?
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Reforming Parliament Britain achieved change through reform
Not violence Written laws and suggestions 1815 Britain had a constitutional monarchy Composed of parliament and 2 houses House of commons and House of Lords King ruled the state Parliament ruled the government
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Voting in England Change in the Voting and Parliament
Laws Prevented many men from voting Catholics, non Anglican, non landholding males People moved out of the country and into the cities Created Rotten Boroughs Sent men to parliament Growing cities didn’t have men in parliament
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Reform Act of 1832 2 Political Parties
Whigs Middle Class Tories Nobles Parliament passes the Reform Act of 1832 Redistributed seats in the house of commons Allowed more people the right to vote Gave a voice to the middle class Middle class was now the ones with the voice not the nobles
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Chartist Movement Protested the Reform Bill of 1832
Known as the chartist Drew up the peoples Charter Demanded: universal male suffrage annual elections salaries of officials be public secret ballots Were denied those rights.
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Victorian Age 1837-1901 Queen Victoria Ruled England
Set “Victorian Values”: Honesty Thrift Duty Hard work Responsibility Morals Manners Confident Age British middle class and working class felt confident in the Monarchy
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New Era Britain had over 300 million subjects by the end of the 1800’s
Benjamin Disraeli Merged the Tories into the conservatives William Gladstone Merged the Whigs into the liberals the 2 took turns as Prime Minister By 1900 Britain had transformed from a constitutional monarchy to a Parliamentary Democracy
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Chapter 10 Quiz 1. What social class was Otto Von Bismarck from?
2. Where was Otto Von Bismarck from? 3. What was Otto von Bismarck's foreign policy? 4. What was Otto Von Bismarck's domestic policy? 5. Why did Kaiser William II ask Bismarck to resign? 6. Who established “young Italy”? 7.Which Italian leader was compared to Bismarck in terms of Power? 8. Why did the Ottoman Empire collapse? 9. Why did People dislike the Russian Tsars? 10. What was “bloody Sunday”?
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Section 2
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What are two of the “Victorian Values”?
Focus Question What are two of the “Victorian Values”?
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Chapter 11 Section 2
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Free Trade and the Corn Laws
1800’s parliament passed an assortment of laws Affected all social groups Corn Laws Imposed high tariffs on imported grain Allowed the prices of British grains to remain high Middle class was against the laws Finally repealed in 1846
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Campaign Against Slavery
1800’s Abolition movement started Campaign against slavery France, Britain, and the United States All key member of the slave trade 1807 Britain Abolished slave trade 1833 Britain Abolished slavery in all their lands
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Crime and Capitol Punishment
Middle class wanted criminal reforms 1800’s 200+ crimes were punishable by death shoplifting, sheep stealing, impersonating a soldier Execution was a public festival Thousands gathered Families brought their children 1850 there were only 4 capitol offenses Britain sent their criminal to their penal colonies Australia and New Zealand
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The Working Classes Parliament begins passing laws regulating working conditions Women and children were no longer allowed to work in the mines Limited women and children to a 10 hour work day Established laws that created minimum wage and maximum working hours Labor unions exploded with support
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Other Reforms Liberals and Conservative Parties rallied for changes in the middle classes Gladstone implemented the Education Act Disraeli improved public health and housing New political party emerged The Labor Party Grew until the 1920’s Became one of the 2 main parties of Britain Britain begins passing social welfare laws Protect the well being of the old, poor, and disadvantaged
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Votes for Women Suffrage – the right to vote
Suffragist- women who wanted the right to vote Suffragist held rallies, organized demonstrations, and even turned to violent protests Had hunger strikes, divorced their husbands, and stopped taking care of their “wifely duties” 1918 Parliament granted suffrage to women Had to be 30
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Ireland Ireland resented English rule
Had since the 1600’s Ireland is predominately catholic Irish had to pay taxes to the English 1830’s Parliament gave Ireland more freedom Not enough for Ireland The Irish Potato Famine Britain didn’t help the starving population Left Ireland hating the British Ireland gains its independence in 1921
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Section 3
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Focus Question How did women gain the right to vote in Britain? What year did they gain the right to vote?
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Focus Question How did France change after the Franco Prussian War? What events occurred in France post war?
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Section 4
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Focus Question What was the Dryfus affair? How did it relate to anti Semitism, and how did it change France?
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Territorial Expansion
1800’s U.S. was a beacon for hope Economy was rapidly growing Political and religious freedoms Originally U.S. stretched from the Atlantic to the Mississippi River 1803 Jefferson bought the Louisiana Purchase Bought land from France Doubled the size of the U.S. 1846 U.S. bought land in the west (Florida, Oregon, and Texas)
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Expanded Territory Mexican American War added California and the Southwest to the U.S. U.S. believed in manifest destiny Own from the sea to the sea 1867 U.S. bought Alaska Bought from Russia Rich in Natural Resources 1898: Took over Hawaii Good naval port
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Expanding Democracy U.S. had the most liberal suffrage in the world
White landowning males held the right to vote Reformers began demanding change Banning alcohol Better treatment of the disabled (mentally) Big two Reforms were: Abolition Women's rights movements
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Abolition Began in the 1800’s
William Lloyd Garrison and Fredrick Douglas Two opponents of slavery 1850’s Battle over slavery intensified Emergence of Pro-slave and Anti-slave states Harriet Beecher Stowe Wrote about the hardships of slavery Woke up the American population to the horrible slave conditions
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Women's Rights Lucretius Mott and Elizabeth Cady Stanton
Proponents of the Women’s rights movement 1848 Women's movement begins Seneca Falls Convention Got their facts and arguments from the declaration of independence 1920 women gain the right to vote 19th amendment
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Civil War Began because of economic differences and idea about slavery
North opposed slavery South wanted slavery 1860 Abraham Lincoln was elected President Republican Opposed to expanding slavery Southern feared Lincoln would take away their slaves and livelihood After Lincolns election the southern states seceded from the union Forming the confederate states Elected Jefferson Davis President Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation Freed all slaves in the southern states
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Challenges for African Americans
Sparked a Civil war 600, 000 men died South Lost the war Angry and bitter Was destroyed Traitors No longer have a workforce Slaves receive their independence Not educated Do not have any money or a home Struggle after the war
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Economic Growth and Reform
U.S. was the world leader in agriculture and industry post civil war North and south formed a union again South and North began trading and getting back to normal 1900’s monopolies emerge Oil, steel, banking Progressive party emerges
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what is a rotten borough? Who was Benjamin Disraeli?
Who was William Gladstone? What is abolition? Name two people involved in the movement What is suffrage? What is manifest Destiney? What is emancipation? What was the Irish potato famine? What were the corn laws What was the Victorian values?
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