1. DO NOW List 3 types of rocks How are igneous rock formed?
What does the word “metamorphosis” mean?
What are sedimentary rocks?

2. The Rock Cycle

3. Major Rock Groups Formed from a melt (molten rock)
Igneous
Formed from a melt (molten rock)
Intrusive: slow cooling and crystallization
Extrusive: quick cooling at the surface
Sedimentary
Formed at the Earth’s surface
All types of rock are continuously being broken down into small fragments called sediment.
This sediment can be compressed or cemented
Metamorphic
Changed by pressure and high heat

4. Three types of Rocks What are the three types of rocks? Igneous
Sedimentary
Metamorphic

5. Igneous Rock Textures Composition – types of minerals within a rock
A rock’s texture depends on the
- size
- shape
- arrangement of crystals
A crystal’s size and shape depends:
- rate of cooling
- amount of dissolved gasses
Composition – types of minerals within a rock
Structure – orientation of minerals or rock fragments in a rock

6. SEDIMENTARY ROCK WEATHERING
In nature, rocks are broken down by the forces of nature
EROSION & DEPOSITION
Erosion (wind, sun, ice, rain) causes rocks to break down into smaller pieces. Once rock fragments have been created, they are usually moved by some force of nature like gravity and dropped in a new location (DEPOSITION).
 COMPACTION & CEMENTATION
Spaces between the fragments are reduced in size by pressure (COMPACTION) and filled in with cementing agents (CEMENTATION).

7. METAMORPHIC
As the pressure deep within the earth increases, temperatures increase as well. Metamorphic rock may become contorted in appearance and actually flow like a plastic material--in response to the HEAT and PRESSURE that is caused by the over-riding rock.
Two types of metamorphism
contact metamorphism- metamorphism due to contact
with or proximity to an igneous intrusion.
regional metamorphism- metamorphism affecting rocks over an extensive area as a result of the large-scale action of heat and pressure.

8. Fig. 2.9
MAGMA

9. IGNEOUS
Crystallization
MAGMA

10. IGNEOUS
Intrusive
Crystallization
MAGMA

11. Extrusive
IGNEOUS
Intrusive
Crystallization
MAGMA

12. Weathering
Extrusive
IGNEOUS
Intrusive
Crystallization
Uplift
MAGMA

13. SEDIMENT SEDIMENT Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive Uplift MAGMA Weathering
Crystallization
Uplift
MAGMA

14. SEDIMENT Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive SEDIMENTARY Uplift MAGMA Erosion
Weathering
Transport
Deposition
Extrusive
IGNEOUS
Intrusive
SEDIMENTARY
Crystallization
Uplift
MAGMA

15. SEDIMENT Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive SEDIMENTARY Uplift MAGMA Erosion
Weathering
Transport
Deposition
Extrusive
IGNEOUS
Intrusive
SEDIMENTARY
Crystallization
Uplift
MAGMA

16. SEDIMENT Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Burial
Erosion
SEDIMENT
Weathering
Transport
Deposition
Extrusive
IGNEOUS
Intrusive
SEDIMENTARY
Increased P&T
METAMORPHIC
Crystallization
Burial
Uplift
MAGMA

17. Can you see any shortcuts?
Erosion
SEDIMENT
Weathering
Transport
Deposition
Extrusive
IGNEOUS
Intrusive
Can you see
any shortcuts?
SEDIMENTARY
Increased P&T
METAMORPHIC
Crystallization
Melting
Burial
Uplift
MAGMA

18. SEDIMENT Extrusive IGNEOUS Instrusive SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Burial
Erosion
SEDIMENT
Weathering
Transport
Deposition
Extrusive
IGNEOUS
Instrusive
SEDIMENTARY
Increased P&T
METAMORPHIC
Crystallization
Melting
Burial
Uplift
MAGMA

19. In Conclusion…
The rock cycle demonstrates the relationships among the three major rock groups
It is powered by the interior heat of the Earth
As well as earth’s momentum and…
The energy from the sun
It involves processes on the Earth’s surface as well as the Earth’s interior
It connects the “hydrologic cycle” with the “tectonic cycle”.

20. SEDIMENT Extrusive IGNEOUS Intrusive SEDIMENTARY METAMORPHIC Burial
Erosion
SEDIMENT
Weathering
Transport
Deposition
Extrusive
IGNEOUS
Intrusive
SEDIMENTARY
Increased P&T
METAMORPHIC
Crystallization
Melting
Burial
Uplift
MAGMA

21. EXIT TICKET