1. Kinds of Isomers
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2. Conformational Isomers
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3. Conformational Isomers
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4. Configurational Isomers: Cis-Trans Isomers
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5. Isomers with One Chirality Center
A chirality center arises when four different substituents are bonded to a carbon
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6. Chirality
Two enantiomers are mirror images of each other, just as your right hand is the mirror image of your left hand
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7. Chirality
If an object (e.g. a shoe or a molecule) is chiral, it cannot have a plane of symmetry (i.e. a plane that reflects the object onto itself)
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8. Chirality
Any object that has a plane of symmetry is said to be achiral
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9. Drawing Enantiomers Perspective Formulas © Prentice Hall 2001
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10. Drawing Enantiomers
Fischer Projections
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11. Naming Enantiomers: The R,S System of Nomenclature
Rank groups by atomic number of the atom bonded to the chirality center. Use the same system that was used for the E and Z isomers of alkenes
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12. Naming Enantiomers: The R,S System of Nomenclature
Orient the molecule so that the group (or atom) of lowest priority is directed away from you
Draw a curve from group of highest priority to the group of second priority
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