1. Vibrios in the Environment 2010 Beau Rivage Resort and Casino
ROLE OF REMOTE SENSING FOR THE SURVEILLENCE OF VIBRIOS IN THE ENVIRONMENT
D. Jay Grimes
The University of Southern Mississippi
Gulf Coast Research Laboratory
Ocean Springs, MS 39564
Vibrios in the Environment 2010
Beau Rivage Resort and Casino
Biloxi, MS

2. What are the Health Risks from Marine Vibrios?
Vibrio cholerae
Cholera
Wound infections
Gastroenteritis
Vibrio vulnificus
Primary septicemiaa
Wound infectionsb
Gastroenteritis??
Vibrio parahaemolyticus
And there are other Vibrio agents of risk a b

3. Satellite-based Remote Sensing
Satellites can now detect
many physical and chemical
signals from the ocean
Emitted signals, e.g., sea
surface temperature (SST),
are the most dependable
Shallow coastal areas, cloud cover, haze, and storms present problems to accurate RS
Many RS signals correlate well with real-time or in situ measurements
A major current problem is that many satellites have reached the end of their useful life

4. OHHI Objective 2 Results: Predicted Vp vs. observed Vp correlated
So when we used in situ measured water temperature (in pink) in the FDA formula to predict Vp levels, the curve was very similar to the levels predicted using RS water temperature (yellow), and when plotted against actual Vp levels measured by plating and probing, both curves were significantly similar to the observed Vp levels.
There are, however, several spikes that demonstrate temperature is not the only factor at play here.
Mean log10 V. parahaemolyticus/g = x SST
r = for IS and r = for RS
(Phillips et al., 2007, J. Food Prot. 70: , Figure 1)

5. OHHI Objective 2 Results: Relationship between total Vp (tlh) and salinity
So when we used in situ measured water temperature (in pink) in the FDA formula to predict Vp levels, the curve was very similar to the levels predicted using RS water temperature (yellow), and when plotted against actual Vp levels measured by plating and probing, both curves were significantly similar to the observed Vp levels.
There are, however, several spikes that demonstrate temperature is not the only factor at play here.
(Zimmerman et al., Appl. Environ. Microbiol., 73: , Figure 4.A.)

6. Vibrio Remote Sensing Report
This is where we’re at
Vibrio Remote Sensing Report

7. Recent Maps that Include Salinity
average log(Vp/g) = *TWATER + 0.2*SAL *SAL2

8. Next: Nowcasting to Forecasting
V. parahaemolyticus in molluscan shellfish
V. vulnificus in molluscan shellfish
Vibrios in coastal water at bathing beaches
10,000 Vp/g at 30o15’52”N, 89o06’48”W
SST from MODIS
Precise data from a “Tricorder”

9. Marine Microbial Ecology Group The University of Southern Mississippi Gulf Coast Research Laboratory
Crystal Johnson and Andrea Phillips Zimmerman
FDA
Andy DePaola
John Bowers
NRL-SSC
S. Ladner
R. Gould
“Grimes et al.”: Nick Noriea, Marcia Pendleton, Dawn Rebarchik, Rachelle Williams, Kim Griffitt, Tracy Berutti, Becky Hardgrove, Jay Grimes, Halley Murray, Misty Schaubhut, Adrienne Flowers