1. Approaches for Cardiologists in the Era of the Affordable Care Act

2. Learning Objectives

3. Affordable Care Act: Important Considerations

4. Economics: National Healthcare Expenditures

5. National Health Expenditures

6. Real-Time Dynamics of Accountable Care Act

7. Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program

8. Concerns About Hospital Readmissions Reduction Program

9. Value-Based Purchasing Program

10. Accountable Care Organizations

11. Bundled Payments for Care Improvement Initiative

12. Theoretical Concerns

13. Healthcare Reform

14. Concluding Remarks

15. Abbreviations

16. References