1. It’s Vocab Time!

2. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Annex
(v.) to add to, attach; to incorporate
(n.) an attachment or addition

3. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Annex – O.Fr. annexer "to join," from M.L. annexare, freq. of L. annecetere "to bind to," from ad- "to" + nectere “to tie, bind.”

4. Siamese twins are annexed together in the womb.
Annex Mnemonic
Siamese twins are annexed together in the womb.

5. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Cleave
(v.) to cut or split open; to cling to

6. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Cleave – (1) O.E. cleofan "to split, separate" (class II strong verb, past tense cleaf, past participle clofen), from P.Gmc. *kleubanan, from PIE base *gleubh- "to cut, slice." (2) O.E. clifian, from W.Gmc. *klibajanan, from PIE *gloi- "to stick.”

7. Cleave Mnemonic
Dr. Lawrence Gordon cleaved his leg to escape Jigsaw in the movie “Saw.”

8. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Cordial
(adj.) in a friendly manner, hearty; cheery
(n.) a liqueur

9. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Cordial – M.Fr. cordial, from M.L. cordialis "of or for the heart," from L. cor (gen. cordis) "heart"

10. Snow White is very cordial to everyone, even Grumpy!
Cordial Mnemonic
Snow White is very cordial to everyone, even Grumpy!

11. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Cornerstone
(n.) the starting point of a building; a fundamental principle or element

12. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Cornerstone – O.Fr. corniere, from corne "horn, corner," from V.L. *corna, from L. cornua, pl. of cornu "projecting point, end, horn" Also related to quoin variant of coin (q.v.), originally in other senses of that word, too, including "a wedge."

13. “Practice makes perfect” is one of Steve Nash’s cornerstones in life.
Cornerstone Mnemonic
“Practice makes perfect” is one of Steve Nash’s cornerstones in life.

14. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Debacle
(n.) an overwhelming defeat, rout; a complete collapse or failure

15. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Debacle – fig. use of Fr. débâcle "breaking up of ice on a river," extended to the violent flood that follows when the river ice melts in spring, from débâcler "to free," from M.Fr. desbacler "to unbar," from des- "off" + bacler "to bar," from V.L. *bacculare, from L. baculum "stick."

16. Debacle Mnemonic
Before they made it to the Superbowl, some people thought that the AZ Cardinals were a debacle on the football field.

17. Don’t forget your words!

18. It’s Vocab Time!

19. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Devitalize
(v.) to make weak or lifeless

20. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Devitalize – de- L. adv. and prep. meaning "down from, off, concerning." + L. vitalis "of or belonging to life," from vita "life," related to vivere “to live.”

21. Watching golf on television can devitalize a viewer.
Devitalize Mnemonic
Watching golf on television can devitalize a viewer.

22. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Embroil
(v.) to involve in a conflict or difficulty; to throw into confusion

23. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Embroil – Fr. embrouillier (cognate with It. imbrogliare), from en- "in" + brouiller "confuse," from O.Fr. brooillier

24. Tyler Durden was embroiled in an identity crisis in “Fight Club.”
Embroil Mnemonic
Tyler Durden was embroiled in an identity crisis in “Fight Club.”

25. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Exonerate
(v.) to clear from a charge or accusation

26. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Exonerate – L. exoneratus, pp. of exonerare "remove a burden, discharge," from ex- "off" + onus (gen. oneris) “burden.”

27. Exonerate Mnemonic
Gloves were a part of the evidence that exonerated OJ Simpson in his murder trial.

28. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Glib
(adj.) ready and fluent in speech; thoughtless, insincere

29. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Glib – possibly shortening of obsolete glibbery "slippery," from Low Ger. glibberig "smooth, slippery," from M.L.G. glibberich, from glibber “jelly.”

30. A glib comment can ruin a friendship.
Glib Mnemonic
A glib comment can ruin a friendship.

31. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Haphazard
(adj.) by chance, not planned; lacking order

32. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Haphazard – from hap (O.N. happ) "chance, luck" + hazard "risk, danger, peril" from O.Fr. hasard "game of chance played with dice."

33. Bo and Luke Duke drive the General Lee in a haphazard way.
Haphazard Mnemonic
Bo and Luke Duke drive the General Lee in a haphazard way.

34. Don’t forget your words!

35. It’s Vocab Time!

36. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Improvise
(v.) to compose or perform without preparation; to construct from available materials

37. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Improvise – L. improvisus, from in- "not" + provisus "foreseen."

38. Improvise Mnemonic
Some comedians who perform at the Tempe Improv improvise their stand-up routine.

39. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Incite
(v.) to rouse, stir up, urge on

40. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Incite – M.Fr. enciter (14c.), from L. incitare "to put into rapid motion, urge, encourage, stimulate," from in- "on" + citare “move, excite”

41. Incite Mnemonic
“Get Up, Stand Up” is a song that tries to incite the listener to fight for their rights.

42. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Influx
(n.) a coming in, inflow

43. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Influx – L.L. influxus "a flowing in," from influere "to flow in" from in- "in" + fluere “to flow.”

44. It is always nice to have an influx of money.
Influx Mnemonic
It is always nice to have an influx of money.

45. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Pallor
(n.) an extreme or unnatural paleness

46. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Pallor – O.Fr. palor "paleness," from L. pallor, from pallere "be pale," related to pallus "dark-colored, dusky," from PIE base *pel- "dark-colored, gray" (cf. Skt. palitah "gray," panduh "whitish, pale," Gk. pelios "livid," polios "gray," O.E. fealo "dull-colored, yellow, brown").

47. Pallor Mnemonic
The pallor of the creature’s skin from the movie “Pan’s Labyrinth” made him even creepier.

48. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Pedigree
(n.) a list of ancestors, family tree; the history or origins of something

49. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Pedigree – from Anglo-Fr. pe de gru, a variant of O.Fr. pied de gru "foot of a crane," from L. pedem "foot" + gruem (nom. grus) "crane," cognate with Gk. geranos, O.E. cran. On old manuscripts, "descent" was indicated by a forked sign resembling the branching lines of a genealogical chart; the sign also happened to look like a bird's footprint. Meaning "ancestral line" is c.1440; of animals, 1608.

50. Pedigree Mnemonic
Many people do not know their pedigree because they do not have a family tree to read.

51. Don’t forget your words!

52. It’s Vocab Time!

53. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Precipitous
(adj.) very steep

54. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Precipitous – L. præcipitium "a steep place," lit. "a fall or leap," from præceps (gen. præcipitis) "steep, headlong, headfirst," from præ- "forth" + caput "head"

55. Mountain climbers conquer precipitous trails to reach the apex.
Precipitous Mnemonic
Mountain climbers conquer precipitous trails to reach the apex.

56. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Profuse
(adj.) very abundant , given or flowing freely

57. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Profuse – L. profusus "spread out, lavish, extravagant," lit. "poured forth," prop. pp. of profundere "pour forth," from pro- "forth" + fundere "to pour"

58. Rapunzel had a profuse amount of hair.
Profuse Mnemonic
Rapunzel had a profuse amount of hair.

59. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Reconcile
(v.) to restore to friendship; to settle; to resign (oneself)

60. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Reconcile – L. reconcilare "to bring together again," from re- "again" + concilare "make friendly"

61. Reconcile Mnemonic
Demi Moore and Bruce Willis have reconciled their relationship after their divorce for their children’s sake.

62. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Shackle
(v.) to put into chains
(n.) a chain, fetter

63. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Shackle – O.E. sceacel, from P.Gmc. *skakula- (cf. M.Du., Du. schakel "link of a chain," O.N. skökull "pole of a carriage"), of uncertain origin. The common notion of "something to fasten or attach" makes a connection with shake unlikely. The verb is first recorded c Shacklebolt "bolt which passes through the eyes of a shackle" is recorded from 1688.

64. Shackle Mnemonic
Many men say that marriage shackles them with an old ball and chain.

65. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Threadbare
(adj.) shabby, old and worn

66. Vocabulary Workshop, Level D Etymologies: Unit 14
Threadbare – O.E. þræd "fine cord, especially when twisted" (related to þrawan "to twist"), from P.Gmc. *thrædus (cf. M.Du. draet, Du. draad, O.H.G. drat, Ger. Draht, O.N. þraðr), from suffixed form of base *thræ- "twist" + O.E. bær "naked, uncovered." Threadbare is recorded from 1362, from the notion of "having the nap worn off," leaving bare the threads.

67. Threadbare Mnemonic
Abercrombie & Fitch sells threadbare jeans at ridiculously high prices because they know people will buy them.
* Macklemore would tell you to save your money and shop at a thrift store.

68. Don’t forget your words!