1. Reproduction in Flowering Plants
Learn the names and explain the functions of parts of a flower; describe the processes of pollination, fertilization, seed dispersal and germination.

2. The Parts of a Flower Most flowers have four parts: sepals, petals,
stamens,
pistils.

3. The parts of a flower Sepals protect the bud until it opens.
Petals attract insects.
Stamens make pollen.
Pistils grow into fruits which contain the seeds.

4. Stamen (male) Anther: pollen grains grow in the anther.
When the grains are fully grown, the anther splits open.

5. Pistil (female)
Stigma
Style
Ovary
Ovules (eggs)

6. Pollination
Flowering plants use the wind, insects, bats, birds and mammals to transfer pollen from the male (stamen) part of the flower to the female (stigma) part of the flower.

7. Pollination
A flower is pollinated when pollen grains lands on the stigma.
Pollen grains contain sperm.
Pollen grains germinate on the stigma, growing into a tube that grows down the style to reach an ovule.
Sperm travels down the tube until it reaches and fertilizes the ovule.

8. Fertilization
Ovules are found inside the ovary. Each ovule contains an egg.
Fertilization happens when the sperm fuses with the egg from the ovule.
Fertilized ovules develop into seeds.
The ovary enlarges to form the fruit and to protect the seeds.

9. Wind pollination
Some flowers, such as grasses, do not have brightly coloured petals and nectar to attract insects.
These flowers are pollinated by the wind.

10. Seed Dispersal Seeds are dispersed (spread) in many different ways:
Wind
Water
Animals
Birds

11. How birds and animals help seed dispersal
Some seeds are hidden in the ground as a winter store.
Some fruits have hooks on them and cling to fur or clothes.

12. How birds and animals help seed dispersal
Birds and animals eat the fruits and excrete the seeds away from the parent plant.