1. Section 4- Turning Points of the War

2. QOTD: Day 2
What is a siege?

3. The Western Campaign MS River is the main focus of Western campaign
Confederates still have strongholds at Vicksburg, MS and Port Hudson, LA

5. The Siege of Vicksburg Grant marches south of Vicksburg in LA
Attack on rail line in central MS to draw attention away from Vicksburg
March NE to capture Jackson, MS

6. The Siege of Vicksburg Gain control of main rail line
Vicksburg is now cut off
May 22- Grant lays siege for 1 month
Fire from land and river

7. The Siege of Vicksburg
Confederates surrender due to lack of supplies and constant fire
July 4, 1863
Port Hudson surrendered days later
Confederacy now cut in 2

9. Battle of Fredericksburg
Ambrose Burnside placed in charge of Army of the Potomac
Dec Army of Potomac vs. Army of Northern VA
Lee defeats the new commander
Union suffers 2x casualties of Confederates

11. Battle of Chancellorsville
Gen. Joseph Hooker replaces Burnside
South wins again, but Stonewall Jackson is mortally wounded
Dies a few days later
Lee decides to invade PA

13. Invasion of the North Goals: Win international support for Confederacy
Demoralize the Union
Force an end to the war

14. The Battle of Gettysburg
Lee hopes to capture footwear factory
Army of Potomac under the leadership of Gen. Meade
July 1- Northern Gen. Buford spreads army out NW of town
Calls for reinforcements

15. The Battle of Gettysburg
1st day- Confederate victory
Push North to higher ground to the south
Nightfall helps strengthen Union position

16. The Battle of Gettysburg
Union digs trench from Culp’s Hill and Cemetery Hill to Cemetery Ridge
Line extends to Little and Big Round Top
Union held the high ground

17. The Battle of Gettysburg- Day 2
Confederates attack the Northern and Southern ends of the Union line
Union abandoned Little Round Top
Rebels failed to breach the Union line

18. The Battle of Gettysburg- Day 2
Union forces led by Col. Chamberlain recapture Little Round Top
Met Confederates at top
Union ran low on ammo
Chamberlain orders bayonet charge
100’s of Confederates surrender

20. The Battle of Gettysburg- Day 3
July 3rd- Lee orders artillery attack with cannons at Cemetery Ridge
Gen. George Pickett orders fateful “Pickett’s Charge” up the ridge
1000’s of Confederates mowed down

22. Gettysburg and the Aftermath
50,000 lay dead/wounded
½ Confederates, 1/3 of Lee’s total fighting force
Invasion of the North abandoned
Confederates retreated to VA

23. The Gettysburg Address
Nov Lincoln travels to Gettysburg to dedicate a cemetery to the fallen soldiers
Preserve the US- a nation dedicated to the “proposition that all men are created equal

24. Outcome of Battles
Victories at Gettysburg and Vicksburg were w/in 1 day of each other
MS river was in Union hands
No help from Europe
Confederates still won a few battles (Chickamauga,GA in 1863)

25. The Overland Campaign 1864- Grant recalled from the west
Lincoln puts him in charge of the entire Union Army
Sets sights on Richmond, VA

26. The Overland Campaign Higher % casualties for Confederates
Northern public outraged by 100’s of 1000’s of casualties on both sides
Grant uses total war- attack civilian and military targets
Destroy economy that supports enemy and will of the people

28. Sherman’s March to the Sea
Gen. William Tecumseh Sherman also uses total war
Goal: capture Savannah, GA
Loot for supplies, destroy anything of value left behind
RR tracks, buildings, private homes

29. Sherman’s March to the Sea
Confederates abandon ATL as he closes in
Sherman does not, his forces burn 40% of ATL to the ground
Captures Savannah in late Dec.

31. Exit Slip
How did the two battles from today turn the tide of the war in favor of the North?