1. Cell Division
Mitosis

2. Mitosis
Produces 2 cells – called daughter cells – from one parent cell
Daughter cells are identical to each another and to the original parent cell
Most body cells reproduce this way
Similar to binary fission
Asexual reproduction of organisms without a nucleus

3. Mitosis Occurs because:
Multi-cellular organisms grow in size and complexity by making more cells
Old and damaged cells are continuously replaced by the division of cells
Single-celled organisms such as bacteria divide to make new, independent organisms
Binary fission – asexual reproduction

4. Mitosis The nucleus of the cell divides in two
The nucleus contains the genetic material – chromosomes – of the organism
Chromosomes are made of DNA

5. Mitosis The Cell Cycle The nucleus divides in several phases:
Interphase
Prophase
Metaphase
Anaphase
Telophase

6. Mitosis Interphase Technically not part of mitosis A resting phase
DNA (Chromosomes) copies itself exactly (replicates)
Organelles double in number, to prepare for division

9. Mitosis Prophase Nuclear membrane disappears
Spindle fibers (or aster fibers) form at the ends of the cell
Chromosomes coil up and become short and fat - become visible
Takes about an hour

12. Mitosis Metaphase
Chromosomes in pairs line up along the equator – middle of cell
Spindle fibers attach to the center of the chromosome pairs
Centromere – the connecting point of the two chromosomes
Takes about 15 minutes

15. Mitosis Anaphase Chromosomes divide
Chromatids (half of a chromosome pair) separate and are pulled to opposite ends of the cell by the spindle fibers
Takes about 10 minutes

18. Mitosis Telophase
Nuclear membrane forms around each group of chromosomes
Chromosomes unwind and become long and thin again
Cytokinesis begins

21. Mitosis Cytokinesis Cytoplasm divides
One cell becomes two individual cells
Different in plants and animals
Animals:
Cell membrane pinches in
Plants:
Cell wall forms down the center

24. Animation

25. Animation