1. What two houses are in the Legislative Branch? What is their job?
Bell Ringer
What two houses are in the Legislative Branch? What is their job?

2. Bell Ringer
What is the difference between Enumerated, Concurrent, and Reserved Powers?

3. Legislative Branch - Congress

4. Benchmark: SS.7.C.3.3. Illustrate the structure and function (three branches of government established in Articles I, II, and III with corresponding powers) of government in the United States as established in the Constitution. SS.7.C.3.8 Analyze the structure, functions, and processes of the legislative, executive, and judicial branches.

5. The Three Branches

6. Article I: Legislative Branch - Congress

7. Article I Congress: The Legislative Branch
The Three Branches
Article I Congress: The Legislative Branch
Makes laws!!... Other powers: declare war, create and collect taxes, “raise and support the army & navy,” borrow money, “coin” money, regulate interstate commerce, establish post offices, grant patents & copyrights, create “lower” courts
Senate
House of Representatives
100 members – Serve 6 years
435 members – Serve 2 years
2 per state – equal representation
# per state based on population

8. Structure: Constitutional Convention - 1787
Big States v. Small States –
Great Compromise
House of Reps – 435 Members based on Population
More Population = More Votes
Senate 100 Members
Equal Representation
Each State – 2 Votes
House Big States Happy
Senate Small States Happy

9. A Bicameral Legislature – two house legislature
The House Wing
The Senate Wing
“In order to control the legislative authority, you must divide it.” James Madison, Federalist No. 51

10. Structure: Legislative Branch - Congress
House of Representatives
Senate
Membership
435 members - apportioned by population
100 members – 2 per state
Term of Office
2 years – entire house elected every two years
6 years – staggered 1/3 of the senate elected every 2 years
Qualifications
At least 25 years old, US citizen for 7 years, must live in state where district is located
At least 30 years old, US citizen for 9 years, must live in state
Constituencies
Smaller – by district
Larger – entire state
Prestige
Less
More
Nickname
Lower House
Upper House

11. Enumerated Powers: Listed in Article I, Section 8 of the Constitution
Specific powers listed in the Constitution

12. Enumerated Powers: aka: Delegated Powers
Congress’ Powers: Article I, Section 8
Power to Tax: to “lay (raise) and collect taxes, duties, imposts, and excises, to pay the debts and provide for the common defense and general welfare of the United States.”
Power to Borrow Money: issue government bonds
Power to Regulate Interstate Commerce: trade between states and other nations (buying, selling, & trading of goods and services)
Power to Regulate Naturalization: granting immigrants citizenship
Power to “Coin Money” and Punish Counterfeiters:

13. Enumerated Powers: aka: Delegated Powers – Power To:
Tax
Regulate Interstate Commerce
Borrow Money

14. Enumerated Powers: aka: Delegated Powers – Power To:
Punish Counterfeiters
Coin Money
Naturalization

15. Enumerated Powers (Cont.): aka: Delegated Powers
Congress’ Powers: Article I, Section 8: Continued
Power to Establish Post Offices
Power to Establish Patents & Copyrights: Copyrights protect author’s works. Patents protect inventor’s works.
Power to Declare War! No not the President
Power to Establish Lower Federal Courts: create a Federal Court system below the Supreme Court
Power to Raise & Support an Army & Navy
Power to Make All Laws Necessary & Proper For “Carrying” Out all Previous Powers

16. Enumerated Powers (Cont.): aka: Delegated Powers
Post Offices
Declare War
Raise & Support an Army & Navy
Lower Federal Courts

17. “Necessary & Proper Clause” aka The Elastic Clause = Implied Powers

18. Implied Power: Example – The Draft
Enumerated Power: “raise and support an army”

19. Bank of the United States – in the Constitution? Coin / Borrow $?

20. “Necessary & Proper Clause” aka The Elastic Clause = Implied Powers

21. Congress’ Non-Legislative Powers
Impeachment - Congress can remove members of the executive & judicial branches
Charges begin in the House of Reps

22. Congress’ Non-Legislative Powers: Impeachment
2 Presidents have been impeached by the House of Reps but found “not guilty” by the Senate
The Senate holds impeachment trial

23. Congress’ Non-Legislative Powers: Impeachment
Impeached by the House: 19 Federal Officials: 2 Presidents, 1 Cabinet Member, 1 Supreme Court Justice, & 14 Federal Judge
Found guilty & removed by Senate: 8

24. Congress’ Non-Legislative Powers: “Advice & Consent”: the Senate
Treaties – an agreement between two or more countries
President signs treaties, but they must be approved by the Senate

25. Congress’ Non-Legislative Powers: “Advice & Consent”: Treaties
Treaties – must be approved by
2/3rds of Senate
NATO – Defense Treaty – North Atlantic Treaty Organization
NAFTA – Free Trade, US, Canada & Mexico

26. Congress’ Non-Legislative Powers: “Advice & Consent”: Appointments
Presidential Appointments– President appoints: Ambassadors, Supreme Court Justices, & Cabinet Members
Supreme Court Justice Sonia Sotomayor appointed by President Obama
Sotomayor in a Senate Hearing
over her appointment

27. Other Congressional Powers: Amendments
Propose Amendments: these are changes or additions to the Constitution

28. Other Congressional Powers: Investigations & Oversight
Steroid Investigation
Benghazi Investigation

29. Congress Structure & Powers Review
What is the term for a two-house legislature?
Bicameral

30. Congress Structure & Powers Review
What are the names of the two houses of Congress?
The House of Representatives &
The Senate

31. Congress Structure & Powers Review
Which house has 435 members?
The House of Representatives

32. Congress Structure & Powers Review
What is the name for the powers that are expressed in the Constitution?
Enumerated

33. Congress Structure & Powers Review
Name one of the Enumerated Powers for Congress
Tax, borrow money, regulate interstate commerce, regulate naturalization, coin money, punish counterfeiters, establish post offices, establish copyrights & patents, declare war, create federal courts, raise & support the army & navy

34. Congress Structure & Powers Review
What is the nickname of the necessary & proper clause?
The “elastic clause”

35. Congress Structure & Powers Review
What type of powers are produced by the “elastic clause?”
Implied Powers

36. Congress Structure & Powers Review
Which house of Congress provides “advice & consent” to the President?
The Senate

37. Congress Structure & Powers Review
What does the Senate “confirm” for the President
Treaties & Presidential Appointments

38. Exit Ticket: What are the powers of the Legislative Branch?
Up next: How a Bill Becomes a Law