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Components of Experiments
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a. Variables (i) Independent/Manipulated Variable – changed by the investigator (ii) Dependant/Responding Variable – variable that is measured, counted or recorded by investigator
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If I do ____________________
then _____________ will result. the effect with be ____________.
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Dependent variable (y-axis) Independent variable (x-axis) Dependent variable (y-axis) Dependent variable (y-axis) Independent variable (x-axis) Independent variable (x-axis)
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a. Variables (continued)
(iii) Standardized Variables – variables that are kept equal in all treatments so that any changes in the dependent variable can be attributed to the independent variable
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b. Treatment – the one where the independent variable is manipulated
c. Control – that which does not receive treatment in the experiment.
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d. Randomization – choose samples randomly to avoid bias.
e. Sample Size – The number of organisms that are experimented on. f. Replication – The number of times you do the experiment over time; the more samples you have the better the results.
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g. Size of Scope of Study (i) Lab (ii) Small-scale field (iii) Large-scale field
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h. Accuracy – how close a measurement value is to the true value.
i. Precision – how close the measured values are to each other.
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Good accuracy and good precision Poor accuracy and poor precision Poor accuracy and good precision
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